2 Kings 13:4 מְלָכִים ב
Who acts: Jehoahaz, LORD, king · What happens: beseech, hearken, see, oppress · To what, where: LORD, oppression, sins, Israel · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is 2 Kings 13:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jehoahaz, LORD, king — and what happens in the verse to LORD, oppression, sins, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַיְחַ֥ל יְהוֹאָחָ֖ז אֶת־פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע אֵלָיו֙ יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֤י רָאָה֙ אֶת־לַ֣חַץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּֽי־לָחַ֥ץ אֹתָ֖ם מֶ֥לֶךְ אֲרָֽם׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יְחַ֥ל | cc | and |
| 2 | יְחַ֥ל | חָלָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he entreated |
| 3 | יְהוֹאָחָ֖ז | יְהוֹאָחָז | PROPN | _ | 2 יְחַ֥ל | nsubj | Jehoahaz |
| 4 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 5 פְּנֵ֣י | case | (et) |
| 5 | פְּנֵ֣י | פָּנֶה | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 יְחַ֥ל | obl | the face |
| 6 | יְהוָ֑ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 5 פְּנֵ֣י | compound:smixut | of Yahweh |
| 7 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 8 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע | cc | and |
| 8 | יִּשְׁמַ֤ע | שָׁמַע | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 יְחַ֥ל | conj | he listened |
| 9 | אֵלָי | אֶל | ADP | _ | 10 ו֙ | case | to |
| 10 | ו֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע | obl | him |
| 11 | יְהוָ֔ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 8 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 12 | כִּ֤י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 13 רָאָה֙ | mark | (dm) |
| 13 | רָאָה֙ | רָאָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 יְחַ֥ל | advcl | he saw |
| 14 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 15 לַ֣חַץ | case | (et) |
| 15 | לַ֣חַץ | לַחַץ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 רָאָה֙ | obj | the oppression |
| 16 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 15 לַ֣חַץ | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 17 | כִּֽי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 18 לָחַ֥ץ | mark | (dm) that |
| 18 | לָחַ֥ץ | לָחַץ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 13 רָאָה֙ | parataxis | he oppressed |
| 19 | אֹת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 20 ָ֖ם | case | |
| 20 | ָ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 לָחַ֥ץ | obj | them |
| 21 | מֶ֥לֶךְ | מֶלֶךְ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 18 לָחַ֥ץ | nsubj | the king |
| 22 | אֲרָֽם | אֲרָם | PROPN | _ | 21 מֶ֥לֶךְ | compound:smixut | of Aram |
| 23 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 22 אֲרָֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יְחַל he entreated | wayyiqtol · piel | יְהוֹאָחָז Jehoahaz | |||
| יִּשְׁמַע he listened | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | |||
| רָאָה he saw | qatal · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | לַחַץ the oppression | ||
| לָחַץ he oppressed | qatal · qal | מֶלֶךְ the king | ָם them |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וְצַלִי יְהוֹאָחָז קֳדָם יְיָ וְקַבֵּיל צְלוֹתֵיהּ יְיָ אֲרֵי גְלֵי קָדָמוֹהִי דוֹחֲקָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל אֲרֵי דְחַק יַתְהוֹן מַלְכָּא דַאֲרָם:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:341.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.4/