2 Kings 13:4 · JPS 1917
And Jehoahaz besought the LORD, and the LORD hearkened unto him; for He saw the oppression of Israel, how that the king of Aram oppressed them. —
Who acts: Jehoahaz, LORD, king · What happens: beseech, hearken, see, oppress · To what, where: LORD, oppression, sins, Israel · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 13:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jehoahaz, LORD, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 besought | cc |
| 2 | Jehoahaz | Jehoahaz | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 besought | nsubj |
| 3 | besought | beseech | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 LORD | det |
| 5 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 besought | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 hearkened | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 hearkened | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 LORD | det |
| 9 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 hearkened | nsubj |
| 10 | hearkened | hearken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 besought | conj |
| 11 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 12 him | case |
| 12 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 hearkened | obl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 saw | punct |
| 14 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 16 saw | mark |
| 15 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 saw | nsubj |
| 16 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 besought | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 oppression | det |
| 18 | oppression | oppression | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 saw | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Israel | case |
| 20 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 oppression | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 oppressed | punct |
| 22 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 oppressed | advmod |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 oppressed | mark |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 king | det |
| 25 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 oppressed | nsubj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Aram | case |
| 27 | Aram | Aram | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 king | nmod |
| 28 | oppressed | oppress | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 saw | ccomp |
| 29 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 oppressed | obj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 besought | punct |
| 31 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 besought | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | beseech | past | Jehoahaz | the LORD | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hearken | past | the LORD | unto Jehoahaz | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | see | past | LORD | the oppression of Israel | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | oppress | past | the king of Aram | sins = sin | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | oppress | Israel | nom oppression «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְחַ֥ל יְהוֹאָחָ֖ז אֶת־פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע אֵלָיו֙ יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֤י רָאָה֙ אֶת־לַ֣חַץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּֽי־לָחַ֥ץ אֹתָ֖ם מֶ֥לֶךְ אֲרָֽם׃
2 Kings 13:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:389 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.389/