2 Kings 21:16 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: Manasseh, Judah · What happens: shed, fill, make, sin, do, be · To what, where: innocent blood, sin, Jerusalem, one end, Judah, that

This is 2 Kings 21:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Manasseh, Judah — and what happens in the verse to innocent blood, sin, Jerusalem, one end, Judah, that, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְגַם֩ דָּ֨ם נָקִ֜י שָׁפַ֤ךְ מְנַשֶּׁה֙ הַרְבֵּ֣ה מְאֹ֔ד עַ֛ד אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם פֶּ֣ה לָפֶ֑ה לְבַ֤ד מֵֽחַטָּאתוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶחֱטִ֣יא אֶת־יְהוּדָ֔ה לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃

Moreover Manasseh shed innocent blood very much, till he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another; beside his sin wherewith he made Judah to sin, in doing that which was evil in the sight of the LORD.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 שָׁפַ֤ךְ	cc	and
2	גַם֩	גַּם	ADV	_	5 שָׁפַ֤ךְ	advmod	also
3	דָּ֨ם	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 שָׁפַ֤ךְ	obj	blood
4	נָקִ֜י	נָקִי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 דָּ֨ם	amod	innocent
5	שָׁפַ֤ךְ	שָׁפַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he shed
6	מְנַשֶּׁה֙	מְנַשֶּׁה	PROPN	_	5 שָׁפַ֤ךְ	nsubj	Manasseh
7	הַרְבֵּ֣ה	רָבָה	ADV	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	3 דָּ֨ם	amod	much
8	מְאֹ֔ד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	7 הַרְבֵּ֣ה	advmod	very
9	עַ֛ד	עַד	ADP	_	5 שָׁפַ֤ךְ	parataxis	until
10	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	11 מִלֵּ֥א	mark	that
11	מִלֵּ֥א	מָלֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	9 עַ֛ד	parataxis	he had filled
12	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	13 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם	case	(et)
13	יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם	יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם	PROPN	_	11 מִלֵּ֥א	obj	Jerusalem
14	פֶּ֣ה	פֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 מִלֵּ֥א	obl	mouth
15	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	16 פֶ֑ה	case	to
16	פֶ֑ה	פֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 פֶּ֣ה	nmod	mouth
17	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	18 בַ֤ד	case	apart
18	בַ֤ד	בַּד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 שָׁפַ֤ךְ	parataxis
19	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	20 חַטָּאת	case	from
20	חַטָּאת	חַטָּאת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	18 בַ֤ד	nmod	sin
21	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 חַטָּאת	nmod:poss	his
22	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	23 הֶחֱטִ֣יא	mark	which
23	הֶחֱטִ֣יא	חָטָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	20 חַטָּאת	acl:relcl	he caused to sin
24	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	25 יְהוּדָ֔ה	case	(et)
25	יְהוּדָ֔ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	23 הֶחֱטִ֣יא	obj	Judah
26	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	27 עֲשׂ֥וֹת	case	to
27	עֲשׂ֥וֹת	עָשָׂה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	23 הֶחֱטִ֣יא	advcl	do
28	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 רַ֖ע	det	the
29	רַ֖ע	רַע	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 עֲשׂ֥וֹת	obj	evil
30	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	31 עֵינֵ֥י	case	in
31	עֵינֵ֥י	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	29 רַ֖ע	nmod	the eyes
32	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	31 עֵינֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
שָׁפַךְ he shed	qatal · qal	מְנַשֶּׁה Manasseh	דָּם blood
מִלֵּא he had filled	qatal · piel	מְנַשֶּׁה Manasseh	יְרוּשָׁלִַם Jerusalem
הֶחֱטִיא he caused to sin	qatal · hiphil	יְהוּדָה Judah	חַטָּאת sin	מְנַשֶּׁה Manasseh
עֲשׂוֹת do	infinitive construct · qal	יְהוּדָה Judah	רַע evil

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאַף דַם זַכַּאי דַאֲשַׁד מְנַשֶׁה סַגִי לַחֲדָא עַד דִי מַלֵא יַת יְרוּשְׁלֵם סֵיפָא בְּסֵיפָא בַּר מְחוֹבוֹהִי דְחַיֵב יַת דְבֵית יְהוּדָה לְמֶעְבַּד דְבִישׁ קֳדָם יְיָ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Moreover Manasseh shed innocent blood very much, till he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another; beside his sin wherewith he made Judah to sin, in doing that which was evil in the sight of the LORD.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:601.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.21.16/