2 Kings 23:3 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: king, people · What happens: stand, make, walk, keep, confirm, write · To what, where: platform, covenant, commandments, words, book · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Kings 23:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, people — and what happens in the verse to platform, covenant, commandments, words, book, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּעֲמֹ֣ד הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ עַֽל־הָ֨עַמּ֜וּד וַיִּכְרֹ֥ת אֶֽת־הַבְּרִ֣ית ׀ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה לָלֶ֜כֶת אַחַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ וְלִשְׁמֹ֨ר מִצְוֺתָ֜יו וְאֶת־עֵדְוֺתָ֤יו וְאֶת־חֻקֹּתָיו֙ בְּכָל־לֵ֣ב וּבְכָל־נֶ֔פֶשׁ לְהָקִ֗ים אֶת־דִּבְרֵי֙ הַבְּרִ֣ית הַזֹּ֔את הַכְּתֻבִ֖ים עַל־הַסֵּ֣פֶר הַזֶּ֑ה וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד כָּל־הָעָ֖ם בַּבְּרִֽית׃

And the king stood on the platform, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep His commandments, and His testimonies, and His statutes, with all his heart, and all his soul, to confirm the words of this covenant that were written in this book; and all the people stood to the covenant.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּעֲמֹ֣ד	cc	and
2	יַּעֲמֹ֣ד	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he stood
3	הַ֠	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 מֶּלֶךְ	det	the
4	מֶּלֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּעֲמֹ֣ד	nsubj	king
5	עַֽל־	עַל	ADP	_	7 עַמּ֜וּד	case	at
6	הָ֨	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 עַמּ֜וּד	det	the
7	עַמּ֜וּד	עַמּוּד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּעֲמֹ֣ד	obl	pillar
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יִּכְרֹ֥ת	cc	and
9	יִּכְרֹ֥ת	כָּרַת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּעֲמֹ֣ד	conj	he made
10	אֶֽת־	אֵת	ADP	_	12 בְּרִ֣ית	case	(et)
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 בְּרִ֣ית	det	the
12	בְּרִ֣ית	בְּרִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 יִּכְרֹ֥ת	obj	covenant
13	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	12 בְּרִ֣ית	punct
14	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	15 פְנֵ֣י	case	before
15	פְנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 יִּכְרֹ֥ת	obl
16	יְהוָ֗ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	15 פְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	Yahweh
17	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	18 לֶ֜כֶת	case	to
18	לֶ֜כֶת	הלך	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	9 יִּכְרֹ֥ת	advcl	walk
19	אַחַ֤ר	אַחַר	ADV	_	18 לֶ֜כֶת	advmod	after
20	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	19 אַחַ֤ר	nmod	Yahweh
21	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 שְׁמֹ֨ר	cc	and
22	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	23 שְׁמֹ֨ר	case	to
23	שְׁמֹ֨ר	שָׁמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	18 לֶ֜כֶת	conj	keep
24	מִצְוֺתָ֜י	מִצְוָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	23 שְׁמֹ֨ר	obj	commandments
25	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 מִצְוֺתָ֜י	nmod:poss	his
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 עֵדְוֺתָ֤י	cc	and
27	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	28 עֵדְוֺתָ֤י	case	(et)
28	עֵדְוֺתָ֤י	עֵדוּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	24 מִצְוֺתָ֜י	conj	testimonies
29	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 עֵדְוֺתָ֤י	nmod:poss	his
30	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 חֻקֹּתָי	cc	and
31	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	32 חֻקֹּתָי	case	(et)
32	חֻקֹּתָי	חֻקָּה	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 מִצְוֺתָ֜י	conj	statutes
33	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 חֻקֹּתָי	nmod:poss	his
34	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	35 כָל־	case	with
35	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 שְׁמֹ֨ר	obl	all
36	לֵ֣ב	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	35 כָל־	compound:smixut	[the] heart
37	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	39 כָל־	cc	and
38	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	39 כָל־	case	with
39	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	35 כָל־	conj	all
40	נֶ֔פֶשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 כָל־	compound:smixut	[the] being
41	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	42 הָקִ֗ים	case	to
42	הָקִ֗ים	קוּם	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	18 לֶ֜כֶת	conj	establish
43	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	44 דִּבְרֵי֙	case	(et)
44	דִּבְרֵי֙	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	42 הָקִ֗ים	obj	the words
45	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	46 בְּרִ֣ית	det	of
46	בְּרִ֣ית	בְּרִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	44 דִּבְרֵי֙	compound:smixut	the covenant
47	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	48 זֹּ֔את	det	(the)
48	זֹּ֔את	זֹאת	DET	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	46 בְּרִ֣ית	det	this
49	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	50 כְּתֻבִ֖ים	mark	[which
50	כְּתֻבִ֖ים	כָּתַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	44 דִּבְרֵי֙	appos	were] written
51	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	53 סֵּ֣פֶר	case	on
52	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	53 סֵּ֣פֶר	det	the
53	סֵּ֣פֶר	סֵפֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	50 כְּתֻבִ֖ים	obl	scroll
54	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	55 זֶּ֑ה	det	(the)
55	זֶּ֑ה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	53 סֵּ֣פֶר	det	this
56	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	57 יַּעֲמֹ֥ד	cc	and
57	יַּעֲמֹ֥ד	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּעֲמֹ֣ד	conj	it took its stand
58	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	57 יַּעֲמֹ֥ד	nsubj	all
59	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	60 עָ֖ם	det	the
60	עָ֖ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	58 כָּל־	compound:smixut	people
61	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	63 בְּרִֽית	case	in
62	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	63 בְּרִֽית	det	the
63	בְּרִֽית	בְּרִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	57 יַּעֲמֹ֥ד	obl	covenant
64	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	63 בְּרִֽית	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַּעֲמֹד he stood	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king
יִּכְרֹת he made	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king	בְּרִית covenant
לֶכֶת walk	infinitive construct · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king
שְׁמֹר keep	infinitive construct · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king	מִצְוֺתָי commandments + עֵדְוֺתָי testimonies + חֻקֹּתָי statutes
הָקִים establish	infinitive construct · hiphil	דִּבְרֵי the words		מֶּלֶךְ king
כְּתֻבִים were] written	participle passive · qal		דִּבְרֵי the words
יַּעֲמֹד it took its stand	wayyiqtol · qal	עָם people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְקָם מַלְכָּא עַל אִסְטְוָנָא וּגְזַר יַת קְיָמָא קָדָם יְיָ לִמְהַךְ בָּתַר פּוּלְחָנָא דַייָ וּלְמִטַר פִּקוּדוֹהִי וְיַת סְהִידְוָתוֹהִי וְיַת קְיָמוֹהִי בְּכָל לִבָּא וּבְכָל נְפַשׁ לְקַיָמָא יַת פִּתְגָמֵי קְיָמָא הָדֵין דִכְתִיבִין עַל סִפְרָא הָדֵין וְקַבִּילוּ כָל עַמָא עֲלֵיהוֹן קְיָמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the king stood on the platform, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep His commandments, and His testimonies, and His statutes, with all his heart, and all his soul, to confirm the words of this covenant that were written in this book; and all the people stood to the covenant.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:634.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.3/