2 Kings 25:23 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: captains, king, men · What happens: hear, make, come · To what, where: Gedaliah, Mizpah · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Kings 25:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — captains, king, men — and what happens in the verse to Gedaliah, Mizpah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁמְעוּ֩ כָל־שָׂרֵ֨י הַחֲיָלִ֜ים הֵ֣מָּה וְהָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים כִּֽי־הִפְקִ֤יד מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֙ אֶת־גְּדַלְיָ֔הוּ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־גְּדַלְיָ֖הוּ הַמִּצְפָּ֑ה וְיִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֡ה וְיוֹחָנָ֣ן בֶּן־קָ֠רֵחַ וּשְׂרָיָ֨ה בֶן־תַּנְחֻ֜מֶת הַנְּטֹפָתִ֗י וְיַֽאֲזַנְיָ֙הוּ֙ בֶּן־הַמַּ֣עֲכָתִ֔י הֵ֖מָּה וְאַנְשֵׁיהֶֽם׃

Now when all the captains of the forces, they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah governor, they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan the son of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite and Jaazaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁמְעוּ֩	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁמְעוּ֩	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they heard
3	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּשְׁמְעוּ֩	nsubj	all
4	שָׂרֵ֨י	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 כָל־	compound:smixut	the commanders
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 חֲיָלִ֜ים	det	of
6	חֲיָלִ֜ים	חַיִל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 שָׂרֵ֨י	compound:smixut	the armies
7	הֵ֣מָּה	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 כָל־	nmod:poss	they
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	cc	and
9	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	det	the
10	אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 כָל־	conj	men
11	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	12 הִפְקִ֤יד	mark	(dm) that
12	הִפְקִ֤יד	פָּקַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמְעוּ֩	ccomp	he had appointed
13	מֶֽלֶךְ־	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 הִפְקִ֤יד	nsubj	the king
14	בָּבֶל֙	בָּבֶל	PROPN	_	13 מֶֽלֶךְ־	compound:smixut	of Babylon
15	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	16 גְּדַלְיָ֔הוּ	case	(et)
16	גְּדַלְיָ֔הוּ	גְּדַלְיָהוּ	PROPN	_	12 הִפְקִ֤יד	obj	Gedaliah
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יָּבֹ֥אוּ	cc	and
18	יָּבֹ֥אוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמְעוּ֩	conj	they came
19	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	20 גְּדַלְיָ֖הוּ	case	to
20	גְּדַלְיָ֖הוּ	גְּדַלְיָהוּ	PROPN	_	18 יָּבֹ֥אוּ	obl	Gedaliah
21	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 מִּצְפָּ֑ה	det	(the)
22	מִּצְפָּ֑ה	מִצְפָּה	PROPN	_	18 יָּבֹ֥אוּ	obl	Mizpah
23	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל	cc	and
24	יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל	יִשְׁמָעֵאל	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁמְעוּ֩	conj	Ishmael
25	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל	appos	the son
26	נְתַנְיָ֡ה	נְתַנְיָה	PROPN	_	25 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Nethaniah
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יוֹחָנָ֣ן	cc	and
28	יוֹחָנָ֣ן	יוֹחָנָן	PROPN	_	24 יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל	conj	Johanan
29	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 יוֹחָנָ֣ן	appos	the son
30	קָ֠רֵחַ	קָרֵחַ	PROPN	_	29 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Kareah
31	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 שְׂרָיָ֨ה	cc	and
32	שְׂרָיָ֨ה	שְׂרָיָה	PROPN	_	24 יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל	conj	Seraiah
33	בֶן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 שְׂרָיָ֨ה	appos	the son
34	תַּנְחֻ֜מֶת	תַּנְחֻמֶת	PROPN	_	33 בֶן־	compound:smixut	of Tanhumeth
35	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	36 נְּטֹפָתִ֗י	det	the
36	נְּטֹפָתִ֗י	נְטֹופָתִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	34 תַּנְחֻ֜מֶת	appos	Netophathite
37	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	38 יַֽאֲזַנְיָ֙הוּ֙	cc	and
38	יַֽאֲזַנְיָ֙הוּ֙	יַאֲזַנְיָהוּ	PROPN	_	24 יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל	conj	Jaazaniah
39	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	38 יַֽאֲזַנְיָ֙הוּ֙	appos	the son
40	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	41 מַּ֣עֲכָתִ֔י	det	of
41	מַּ֣עֲכָתִ֔י	מַעֲכָתִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	39 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	the Maacathite
42	הֵ֖מָּה	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל	nmod:poss	they
43	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	44 אַנְשֵׁי	cc	and
44	אַנְשֵׁי	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל	conj	men
45	הֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	44 אַנְשֵׁי	nmod:poss	their
46	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	45 הֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּשְׁמְעוּ they heard	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׂרֵי the commanders + אֲנָשִׁים men	הִפְקִיד he had appointed
הִפְקִיד he had appointed	qatal · hiphil	גְּדַלְיָהוּ Gedaliah		מֶֽלֶךְ־ the king
יָּבֹאוּ they came	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׂרֵי the commanders + אֲנָשִׁים men

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁמָעוּ כָל רַבָּנֵי חֵילְוָתָא אִינוּן וְגַבְרֵיהוֹן אֲרֵי מַנֵי עֲלֵיהוֹן מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל יַת גְדַלְיָה וַאֲתוֹ לְוַת גְדַלְיָה לְמִצְפְּיָא וְיִשְׁמָעֵאל בַּר נְתַנְיָה וְיוֹחָנָן בַּר קָרֵחַ וּשְׂרָיָה בַר תַּנְחֻמֶת דְמִנְטוֹפָה וְיַאֲזַנְיָה בַר מַעֲכָת אִינוּן וְגַבְרֵיהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Now when all the captains of the forces, they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah governor, they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan the son of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite and Jaazaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:711.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.23/