2 Samuel 1:24 שְׁמוּאֵל ב
Who acts: Saul · What happens: weep, clothe, put · To what, where: Saul, you, scarlet, ornaments, apparel
This is 2 Samuel 1:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul — and what happens in the verse to Saul, you, scarlet, ornaments, apparel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
בְּנוֹת֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶל־שָׁא֖וּל בְּכֶ֑ינָה הַמַּלְבִּֽשְׁכֶ֤ם שָׁנִי֙ עִם־עֲדָנִ֔ים הַֽמַּעֲלֶה֙ עֲדִ֣י זָהָ֔ב עַ֖ל לְבוּשְׁכֶֽן׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | בְּנוֹת֙ | בַּת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 5 בְּכֶ֑ינָה | dislocated | O daughters |
| 2 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 1 בְּנוֹת֙ | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 3 | אֶל־ | אֶל | ADP | _ | 4 שָׁא֖וּל | case | because of |
| 4 | שָׁא֖וּל | שָׁאוּל | PROPN | _ | 5 בְּכֶ֑ינָה | obl | Saul |
| 5 | בְּכֶ֑ינָה | בָּכָה | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | root | root | weep |
| 6 | הַ | הַ | SCONJ | _ | 7 מַּלְבִּֽשׁ | mark | [who] |
| 7 | מַּלְבִּֽשׁ | לָבֵשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing | 4 שָׁא֖וּל | appos | clothed |
| 8 | ְכֶ֤ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 מַּלְבִּֽשׁ | obj | you |
| 9 | שָׁנִי֙ | שָׁנִי | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 מַּלְבִּֽשׁ | xcomp | scarlet |
| 10 | עִם־ | עִם | ADP | _ | 11 עֲדָנִ֔ים | case | with |
| 11 | עֲדָנִ֔ים | עֵדֶן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 7 מַּלְבִּֽשׁ | obl | luxuries |
| 12 | הַֽ | הַ | SCONJ | _ | 13 מַּעֲלֶה֙ | mark | [who] brought |
| 13 | מַּעֲלֶה֙ | עָלָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing | 4 שָׁא֖וּל | appos | up |
| 14 | עֲדִ֣י | עֲדִי | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 מַּעֲלֶה֙ | obj | ornament[s] |
| 15 | זָהָ֔ב | זָהָב | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 14 עֲדִ֣י | compound:smixut | of gold |
| 16 | עַ֖ל | עַל | ADP | _ | 17 לְבוּשׁ | case | on |
| 17 | לְבוּשׁ | לְבוּשׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 מַּעֲלֶה֙ | obl | clothing |
| 18 | ְכֶֽן | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 לְבוּשׁ | nmod:poss | your |
| 19 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 18 ְכֶֽן | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- speech with no frame
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| בְּכֶינָה weep | imperative · qal | בְּנוֹת O daughters | |||
| מַּלְבִּֽשׁ clothed | participle active · hiphil | ְכֶם you | שָׁנִי scarlet | שָׁאוּל Saul | |
| מַּעֲלֶה up | participle active · hiphil | עֲדִי ornament[s] | שָׁאוּל Saul |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
בְּנַת יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל שָׁאוּל בְּכָאָה דַהֲוָה מַלְבִּישׁ לְכוֹן לְבוּשֵׁי צִבְעוֹנִין וּמוֹבִיל לְכוֹן תַּפְנוּקִין וּמַסִיק תִּיקוּנֵי דַהֲבָא עַל לְבוּשְׁכוֹן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:23.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.24/