Ezekiel 1:22 יְחֶזְקֵאל

Who acts: likeness · What happens: be, stretch · To what, where: heads, likeness

This is Ezekiel 1:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — likeness — and what happens in the verse to heads, likeness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וּדְמ֞וּת עַל־רָאשֵׁ֤י הַחַיָּה֙ רָקִ֔יעַ כְּעֵ֖ין הַקֶּ֣רַח הַנּוֹרָ֑א נָט֥וּי עַל־רָאשֵׁיהֶ֖ם מִלְמָֽעְלָה׃

And over the heads of the living creatures there was the likeness of a firmament, like the colour of the terrible ice, stretched forth over their heads above.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 רָקִ֔יעַ	cc	and
2	דְמ֞וּת	דְּמוּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 רָקִ֔יעַ	nsubj	a likeness
3	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	4 רָאשֵׁ֤י	case	[was] above
4	רָאשֵׁ֤י	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 דְמ֞וּת	nmod	the heads
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 חַיָּה֙	det	of
6	חַיָּה֙	חַיָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 רָאשֵׁ֤י	compound:smixut	the living creature
7	רָקִ֔יעַ	רָקִיעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	an expanse
8	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	9 עֵ֖ין	case	like
9	עֵ֖ין	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 רָקִ֔יעַ	obl	the appearance
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 קֶּ֣רַח	det	of (the)
11	קֶּ֣רַח	קֶרַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 עֵ֖ין	compound:smixut	ice
12	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	13 נּוֹרָ֑א	mark	(the)
13	נּוֹרָ֑א	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	11 קֶּ֣רַח	acl:relcl	awesome
14	נָט֥וּי	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	7 רָקִ֔יעַ	parataxis	spread out
15	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	16 רָאשֵׁי	case	above
16	רָאשֵׁי	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 נָט֥וּי	obl	heads
17	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 רָאשֵׁי	nmod:poss	their
18	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	20 מָֽעְל	case	from
19	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	20 מָֽעְל	case	to
20	מָֽעְל	מַעַל	ADV	_	14 נָט֥וּי	obl	above
21	ָה	ה	X	_	20 מָֽעְל	nmod
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
נּוֹרָא awesome	participle active · niphal		קֶּרַח ice
נָטוּי spread out	participle passive · qal		דְמוּת a likeness

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּדְמוּת עַל רֵישֵׁי בִּרְיָתָא רְקִיעָא כְּעֵין גְלִיד חֲסִין מַרְכֵן עַל רֵישֵׁיהוֹן מִלְעֵלָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And over the heads of the living creatures there was the likeness of a firmament, like the colour of the terrible ice, stretched forth over their heads above.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:21.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.1.22/