Ezekiel 12:19 יְחֶזְקֵאל

Who acts: you, inhabitants, land, violence · What happens: say, eat, drink, be, dwell · To what, where: Lord GOD, bread, water, all · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Ezekiel 12:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, inhabitants, land, violence — and what happens in the verse to Lord GOD, bread, water, all, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֶל־עַ֣ם הָאָ֡רֶץ כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ אֲדֹנָ֨י יְהוִ֜ה לְיוֹשְׁבֵ֤י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ אֶל־אַדְמַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לַחְמָם֙ בִּדְאָגָ֣ה יֹאכֵ֔לוּ וּמֵֽימֵיהֶ֖ם בְּשִׁמָּמ֣וֹן יִשְׁתּ֑וּ לְמַ֜עַן תֵּשַׁ֤ם אַרְצָהּ֙ מִמְּלֹאָ֔הּ מֵחֲמַ֖ס כָּֽל־הַיֹּשְׁבִ֥ים בָּֽהּ׃

and say unto the people of the land: Thus saith the Lord GOD concerning the inhabitants of Jerusalem in the land of Israel. They shall eat their bread with anxiety, and drink their water with appalment, that her land may be desolate from all that is therein, because of the violence of all them that dwell therein.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 אָמַרְתָּ֣	cc	and
2	אָמַרְתָּ֣	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you will say
3	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	4 עַ֣ם	case	to
4	עַ֣ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 אָמַרְתָּ֣	obl	the people
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 אָ֡רֶץ	det	of
6	אָ֡רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 עַ֣ם	compound:smixut	the land
7	כֹּֽה־	כֹּה	ADV	_	8 אָמַר֩	advmod	thus
8	אָמַר֩	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 אָמַרְתָּ֣	ccomp	he says
9	אֲדֹנ	אֲדֹנָי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 אָמַר֩	nsubj	Lord
10	ָ֨י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	[the]
11	יְהוִ֜ה	יְהֹוִה	PROPN	_	9 אֲדֹנ	appos	Yahweh
12	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	13 יוֹשְׁבֵ֤י	case	of
13	יוֹשְׁבֵ֤י	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	8 אָמַר֩	advcl	the inhabitants
14	יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙	יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם	PROPN	_	13 יוֹשְׁבֵ֤י	compound:smixut	of Jerusalem
15	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	16 אַדְמַ֣ת	case	concerning
16	אַדְמַ֣ת	אֲדָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 יוֹשְׁבֵ֤י	nmod	the land
17	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	16 אַדְמַ֣ת	compound:smixut	of Israel
18	לַחְמ	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 יֹאכֵ֔לוּ	obj	food
19	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 לַחְמ	nmod:poss	their
20	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	21 דְאָגָ֣ה	case	in
21	דְאָגָ֣ה	דְּאָגָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	22 יֹאכֵ֔לוּ	obl	anxiety
22	יֹאכֵ֔לוּ	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	8 אָמַר֩	ccomp	they will eat
23	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יִשְׁתּ֑וּ	cc	and
24	מֵֽימֵי	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	28 יִשְׁתּ֑וּ	obj	water
25	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 מֵֽימֵי	nmod:poss	their
26	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	27 שִׁמָּמ֣וֹן	case	in
27	שִׁמָּמ֣וֹן	שִׁמָּמוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 יִשְׁתּ֑וּ	obl	horror
28	יִשְׁתּ֑וּ	שָׁתָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	22 יֹאכֵ֔לוּ	conj	they will drink
29	לְמַ֜עַן	לְמַעַן	SCONJ	_	30 תֵּשַׁ֤ם	mark	so that
30	תֵּשַׁ֤ם	יָשַׁם	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	22 יֹאכֵ֔לוּ	parataxis	it may be desolate
31	אַרְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 תֵּשַׁ֤ם	nsubj	land
32	ָהּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 אַרְצ	nmod:poss	its
33	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	34 מְּלֹא	case	from
34	מְּלֹא	מְלֹא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 תֵּשַׁ֤ם	obl	fullness
35	ָ֔הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 מְּלֹא	nmod:poss	its
36	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	37 חֲמַ֖ס	case	from
37	חֲמַ֖ס	חָמָס	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 תֵּשַׁ֤ם	obl	the violence
38	כָּֽל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	37 חֲמַ֖ס	compound:smixut	of all
39	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	40 יֹּשְׁבִ֥ים	mark	the
40	יֹּשְׁבִ֥ים	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	38 כָּֽל־	compound:smixut	inhabitants
41	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	42 ָֽהּ	case	in
42	ָֽהּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 יֹּשְׁבִ֥ים	obl	it
43	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	42 ָֽהּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
אָמַרְתָּ you will say	weqatal · qal
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	אֲדֹנ Lord
יֹאכֵלוּ they will eat	yiqtol · qal	יוֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants	לַחְמ food
יִשְׁתּוּ they will drink	yiqtol · qal	יוֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants	מֵֽימֵי water
תֵּשַׁם it may be desolate	yiqtol · qal	אַרְצ land

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְתֵימַר לְעַמָא דְאַרְעָא כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים לְיַתְבֵי יְרוּשְׁלֵם עַל אַרְעָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל מֵיכַלְהוֹן בְּזִיעַ יֵיכְלוּן וּמִשְׁתְּהוֹן בְּאִשְׁתְּמָמוּ יִשְׁתּוּן בְּדִיל דְתִצְדֵי אַרְעָא מִמְלוֹאָהּ מֵחֲטוֹף כָּל דְיַתְבִין בָּהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:234.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.12.19/