Ezekiel 18:12 יְחֶזְקֵאל
What happens: wrong, take, not restore, lift up, commit · To what, where: poor, pledge, eyes, idols, abomination
This is Ezekiel 18:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to poor, pledge, eyes, idols, abomination, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
עָנִ֤י וְאֶבְיוֹן֙ הוֹנָ֔ה גְּזֵל֣וֹת גָּזָ֔ל חֲבֹ֖ל לֹ֣א יָשִׁ֑יב וְאֶל־הַגִּלּוּלִים֙ נָשָׂ֣א עֵינָ֔יו תּוֹעֵבָ֖ה עָשָֽׂה׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | עָנִ֤י | עָנִי | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 הוֹנָ֔ה | obj | [the] poor |
| 2 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 3 אֶבְיוֹן֙ | cc | and [the] |
| 3 | אֶבְיוֹן֙ | אֶבְיוֹן | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 עָנִ֤י | conj | needy |
| 4 | הוֹנָ֔ה | יָנָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he has oppressed |
| 5 | גְּזֵל֣וֹת | גְּזֵלָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 6 גָּזָ֔ל | obj | robberies |
| 6 | גָּזָ֔ל | גָּזַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 הוֹנָ֔ה | parataxis | he has robbed |
| 7 | חֲבֹ֖ל | חֲבֹל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 יָשִׁ֑יב | obj | a pledge |
| 8 | לֹ֣א | לֹא | ADV | _ | 9 יָשִׁ֑יב | advmod | not |
| 9 | יָשִׁ֑יב | שׁוּב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 הוֹנָ֔ה | parataxis | he returned |
| 10 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 14 נָשָׂ֣א | cc | and |
| 11 | אֶל־ | אֶל | ADP | _ | 13 גִּלּוּלִים֙ | case | to |
| 12 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 13 גִּלּוּלִים֙ | det | the |
| 13 | גִּלּוּלִים֙ | גִּלּוּלִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 14 נָשָׂ֣א | obl | idols |
| 14 | נָשָׂ֣א | נָשָׂא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 הוֹנָ֔ה | conj | he has lifted up |
| 15 | עֵינָ֔י | עַיִן | NOUN | Number=Dual | 14 נָשָׂ֣א | obj | eyes |
| 16 | ו | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 עֵינָ֔י | nmod:poss | his |
| 17 | תּוֹעֵבָ֖ה | תּוֹעֵבַה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 18 עָשָֽׂה | obj | abomination |
| 18 | עָשָֽׂה | עָשָׂה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 הוֹנָ֔ה | parataxis | he has done |
| 19 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 18 עָשָֽׂה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| הוֹנָה he has oppressed | qatal · hiphil | עָנִי [the] poor + אֶבְיוֹן needy | |||
| גָּזָל he has robbed | qatal · qal | גְּזֵלוֹת robberies | |||
| not יָשִׁיב he returned | yiqtol · hiphil | חֲבֹל a pledge | |||
| נָשָׂא he has lifted up | qatal · qal | עֵינָי eyes | |||
| עָשָֽׂה he has done | qatal · qal | תּוֹעֵבָה abomination |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
מִסְכֵּן וְחָשִׁיךְ אוֹנִי גְזֵילָא גְזַל מַשְׁכּוֹנָא לָא אֲתֵיב וּלְפוּלְחַן טַעֲוָתָא זְקַף עֵינוֹהִי תּוֹעֵיבָא עָבַד:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:396.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.12/