Ezekiel 18:13 יְחֶזְקֵאל
Who acts: man, blood · What happens: give, take, live, not live, do, put · To what, where: increase, abominations, man
This is Ezekiel 18:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, blood — and what happens in the verse to increase, abominations, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
בַּנֶּ֧שֶׁךְ נָתַ֛ן וְתַרְבִּ֥ית לָקַ֖ח וָחָ֑י לֹ֣א יִֽחְיֶ֗ה אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַתּוֹעֵב֤וֹת הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ עָשָׂ֔ה מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֔ת דָּמָ֖יו בּ֥וֹ יִהְיֶֽה׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | בַּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 3 נֶּ֧שֶׁךְ | case | for |
| 2 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 3 נֶּ֧שֶׁךְ | det | (the) |
| 3 | נֶּ֧שֶׁךְ | נֶשֶׁךְ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 נָתַ֛ן | obl | interest |
| 4 | נָתַ֛ן | נָתַן | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he has lent |
| 5 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 7 לָקַ֖ח | cc | and |
| 6 | תַרְבִּ֥ית | תַּרְבִּית | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 7 לָקַ֖ח | obj | usury |
| 7 | לָקַ֖ח | לָקַח | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 נָתַ֛ן | conj | he has taken |
| 8 | וָ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 חָ֑י | cc | and |
| 9 | חָ֑י | חיה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 נָתַ֛ן | conj | will he live? |
| 10 | לֹ֣א | לֹא | ADV | _ | 11 יִֽחְיֶ֗ה | advmod | not |
| 11 | יִֽחְיֶ֗ה | חָיָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 נָתַ֛ן | parataxis | he will live |
| 12 | אֵ֣ת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 13 כָּל־ | case | (et) |
| 13 | כָּל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 18 עָשָׂ֔ה | obj | all |
| 14 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 15 תּוֹעֵב֤וֹת | det | the |
| 15 | תּוֹעֵב֤וֹת | תּוֹעֵבַה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 13 כָּל־ | compound:smixut | abominations |
| 16 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 17 אֵ֙לֶּה֙ | det | (the) |
| 17 | אֵ֙לֶּה֙ | אֵלֶּה | DET | Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 15 תּוֹעֵב֤וֹת | det | these |
| 18 | עָשָׂ֔ה | עָשָׂה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 נָתַ֛ן | parataxis | he has done |
| 19 | מ֣וֹת | מוּת | VERB | HebBinyan=QAL | 20 יוּמָ֔ת | obl:npmod | certainly (die) |
| 20 | יוּמָ֔ת | מוּת | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 נָתַ֛ן | parataxis | he will be put to death |
| 21 | דָּמָ֖י | דָּם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 24 ֥וֹ | nsubj | blood(s) |
| 22 | ו | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 דָּמָ֖י | nmod:poss | his |
| 23 | בּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 24 ֥וֹ | case | on |
| 24 | ֥וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 נָתַ֛ן | parataxis | him |
| 25 | יִהְיֶֽה | הָיָה | AUX | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 24 ֥וֹ | cop | it will be |
| 26 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 25 יִהְיֶֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| נָתַן he has lent | qatal · qal | ||||
| לָקַח he has taken | qatal · qal | תַרְבִּית usury | |||
| חָי will he live? | weqatal · qal | ||||
| not יִֽחְיֶה he will live | yiqtol · qal | ||||
| עָשָׂה he has done | qatal · qal | תּוֹעֵבוֹת abominations | |||
| יוּמָת he will be put to death | yiqtol · hophal | ||||
| יִהְיֶֽה it will be | yiqtol · qal | דָּמָי blood(s) |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
בְּחִבּוּלְיָא יְהַב וְרִבִּיתָא נְסִיב הֲאִתְקַיֵם לָא יִתְקַיֵם יַת כָּל תּוֹעֲבָתָּא הָאִלֵין עֲבַד מֵימַת יְמוּת חוֹבַת קְטוֹלֵהּ בֵּיהּ תְּהֵי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:397.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.13/