Habakkuk 2:18 חֲבַקּוּק

Who acts: graven image, maker · What happens: profit, grave, trust, make, work · To what, where: image, dumb idols

This is Habakkuk 2:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — graven image, maker — and what happens in the verse to image, dumb idols, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Habakkuk on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

מָֽה־הוֹעִ֣יל פֶּ֗סֶל כִּ֤י פְסָלוֹ֙ יֹֽצְר֔וֹ מַסֵּכָ֖ה וּמ֣וֹרֶה שָּׁ֑קֶר כִּ֣י בָטַ֞ח יֹצֵ֤ר יִצְרוֹ֙ עָלָ֔יו לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת אֱלִילִ֥ים אִלְּמִֽים׃ס

What profiteth the graven image, that the maker thereof hath graven it, even the molten image, and the teacher of lies; that the maker of his work trusteth therein, to make dumb idols?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	מָֽה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	2 הוֹעִ֣יל	obj	what?
2	הוֹעִ֣יל	יָעַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	does it profit
3	פֶּ֗סֶל	פֶּסֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 הוֹעִ֣יל	nsubj	a carved image
4	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	5 פְסָל	mark	(dm)
5	פְסָל	פָּסַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 הוֹעִ֣יל	advcl	he
6	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 פְסָל	obj	has carved it
7	יֹֽצְר	יֵצֶר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	5 פְסָל	nsubj	[the
8	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 יֹֽצְר	nmod:poss	one who] formed it
9	מַסֵּכָ֖ה	מַסֵּכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 הוֹעִ֣יל	parataxis	a molten image
10	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 מ֣וֹרֶה	cc	and
11	מ֣וֹרֶה	יָרָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing	9 מַסֵּכָ֖ה	conj	[that which] teaches
12	שָּׁ֑קֶר	שֶׁקֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 מ֣וֹרֶה	obj	falsehood
13	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	14 בָטַ֞ח	mark	(dm)
14	בָטַ֞ח	בָּטַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 הוֹעִ֣יל	advcl	he relies
15	יֹצֵ֤ר	יָצַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	14 בָטַ֞ח	nsubj	[the one who] formed
16	יִצְר	יֵצֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יֹצֵ֤ר	obj	form
17	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 יִצְר	nmod:poss	its
18	עָלָ֔י	עַל	ADP	_	19 ו	case	on
19	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 בָטַ֞ח	obl	it
20	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	21 עֲשׂ֖וֹת	case	to
21	עֲשׂ֖וֹת	עָשָׂה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	14 בָטַ֞ח	advcl	make
22	אֱלִילִ֥ים	אֱלִיל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	21 עֲשׂ֖וֹת	obj	idols
23	אִלְּמִֽים	אִלֵּם	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	22 אֱלִילִ֥ים	amod	dumb
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 אִלְּמִֽים	punct
25	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	23 אִלְּמִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
הוֹעִיל does it profit	qatal · hiphil	מָֽה־ what?		פֶּסֶל a carved image
פְסָל he	qatal · qal	יֹֽצְר [the	וֹ has carved it
יֹֽצְר [the	participle active · qal		וֹ one who] formed it
מוֹרֶה [that which] teaches	participle active · hiphil	שָּׁקֶר falsehood		פֶּסֶל a carved image
בָטַח he relies	qatal · qal	יֹצֵר [the one who] formed
יֹצֵר [the one who] formed	participle active · qal		יִצְר form
עֲשׂוֹת make	infinitive construct · qal	יֹצֵר [the one who] formed	אֱלִילִים idols

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

מָא אַהֲנֵי צְלָמָא אֲרֵי אַתְּכֵיהּ עָבְדֵי מַתְּכָא וְדַחֲלַת שְׁקַר אֲרֵי אִתְרְחִיץ לִבָּא דְעָבְדֵיהּ עֲלוֹהִי לְמֶעְבַּד טַעֲוָן דְלֵית בְּהוֹ צְרוֹךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

What profiteth the graven image, that the maker thereof hath graven it, even the molten image, and the teacher of lies; that the maker of his work trusteth therein, to make dumb idols?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HAB:34.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.2.18/