Hosea 10:9 הוֹשֵׁעַ

Who acts: thou, thorn, battle · What happens: sin, stand, overtake · To what, where: thorn, Gibeah

This is Hosea 10:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, thorn, battle — and what happens in the verse to thorn, Gibeah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

מִימֵי֙ הַגִּבְעָ֔ה חָטָ֖אתָ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל שָׁ֣ם עָמָ֔דוּ לֹֽא־תַשִּׂיגֵ֧ם בַּגִּבְעָ֛ה מִלְחָמָ֖ה עַל־בְּנֵ֥י עַֽלְוָֽה׃

From the days of Gibeah thou hast sinned, O Israel; there they stood; no battle was to overtake them in Gibeah, nor the children of arrogancy.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	2 ימֵי֙	case	since
2	ימֵי֙	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 חָטָ֖אתָ	obl	the days
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 גִּבְעָ֔ה	det	of (the)
4	גִּבְעָ֔ה	גִּבְעָה	PROPN	_	2 ימֵי֙	compound:smixut	Gibeah
5	חָטָ֖אתָ	חָטָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you have sinned
6	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	5 חָטָ֖אתָ	parataxis	O Israel
7	שָׁ֣ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	8 עָמָ֔דוּ	advmod	there
8	עָמָ֔דוּ	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 חָטָ֖אתָ	parataxis	they have remained
9	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	10 תַשִּׂיג	advmod	not
10	תַשִּׂיג	נָשַׂג	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	5 חָטָ֖אתָ	parataxis	will
11	ֵ֧ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 תַשִּׂיג	obj	it overtake them?
12	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 גִּבְעָ֛ה	case	in
13	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 גִּבְעָ֛ה	det	(the)
14	גִּבְעָ֛ה	גִּבְעָה	PROPN	_	10 תַשִּׂיג	obl	Gibeah
15	מִלְחָמָ֖ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 תַשִּׂיג	nsubj	war
16	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	17 בְּנֵ֥י	case	on
17	בְּנֵ֥י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 מִלְחָמָ֖ה	nmod	sons
18	עַֽלְוָֽה	עַלְוָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 בְּנֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of injustice
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 עַֽלְוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
חָטָאתָ you have sinned	qatal · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל O Israel
עָמָדוּ they have remained	qatal · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל O Israel
not תַשִּׂיג will	yiqtol · hiphil	ֵם it overtake them?	מִלְחָמָה war

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

מִיוֹמֵי גִבְעֲתָא חֲטֵיתוּן בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל תַּמָן קָמוּ מְרַדוּ בְּמֵימְרִי לְמַנָאָה עֲלֵיהוֹן מַלְכָּא וְאַף לָא זַכִּיאוּ דְתִתְקַיֵם לְהוֹן מַלְכוּתָא בְּגִבְעֲתָא תַּמָן אֲתוֹ עֲלֵיהוֹן עָבְדֵי קְרָבָא לְקַטָלָא אֲבָהָן עִם בְּנִין סְלִיקוּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

From the days of Gibeah thou hast sinned, O Israel; there they stood; no battle was to overtake them in Gibeah, nor the children of arrogancy.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:139.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.9/