Hosea 2:8 הוֹשֵׁעַ
Who acts: I, mother · What happens: hedge up, make, not find · To what, where: way, wall, paths
This is Hosea 2:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, mother — and what happens in the verse to way, wall, paths, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
לָכֵ֛ן הִנְנִי־שָׂ֥ךְ אֶת־דַּרְכֵּ֖ךְ בַּסִּירִ֑ים וְגָֽדַרְתִּי֙ אֶת־גְּדֵרָ֔הּ וּנְתִיבוֹתֶ֖יהָ לֹ֥א תִמְצָֽא׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | לָ | לָכֵן | ADP | _ | 2 כֵ֛ן | case | therefore |
| 2 | כֵ֛ן | כֵּן | ADV | _ | root | root | |
| 3 | הִנ | הִנֵּה | INTJ | _ | 5 שָׂ֥ךְ | nsubj | here |
| 4 | ְנִי־ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 הִנ | nsubj | I |
| 5 | שָׂ֥ךְ | שׂוּךְ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 2 כֵ֛ן | parataxis | [am] about to fence up |
| 6 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 7 דַּרְכּ | case | (et) |
| 7 | דַּרְכּ | דֶּרֶךְ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 שָׂ֥ךְ | obj | way |
| 8 | ֵ֖ךְ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 דַּרְכּ | nmod:poss | your |
| 9 | בַּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 11 סִּירִ֑ים | case | with |
| 10 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 11 סִּירִ֑ים | det | (the) |
| 11 | סִּירִ֑ים | סִירָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 5 שָׂ֥ךְ | obl | thorns |
| 12 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 13 גָֽדַרְתִּי֙ | cc | and |
| 13 | גָֽדַרְתִּי֙ | גָּדַר | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1 | 2 כֵ֛ן | conj | I will wall up |
| 14 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 15 גְּדֵר | case | (et) |
| 15 | גְּדֵר | גָּדֵר | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 13 גָֽדַרְתִּי֙ | obj | wall |
| 16 | ָ֔הּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 גְּדֵר | nmod:poss | her |
| 17 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 21 תִמְצָֽא | cc | and |
| 18 | נְתִיבוֹתֶ֖י | נְתִיבָה | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 תִמְצָֽא | obj | paths |
| 19 | הָ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 נְתִיבוֹתֶ֖י | nmod:poss | her |
| 20 | לֹ֥א | לֹא | ADV | _ | 21 תִמְצָֽא | advmod | not |
| 21 | תִמְצָֽא | מָצָא | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 כֵ֛ן | conj | she will find |
| 22 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 21 תִמְצָֽא | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| שָׂךְ [am] about to fence up | participle active · qal | ְנִי־ I | דַּרְכּ way | ||
| גָֽדַרְתִּי I will wall up | weqatal · qal | גְּדֵר wall | |||
| not תִמְצָֽא she will find | yiqtol · qal | נְתִיבוֹתֶי paths |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
בְּכֵן הָא אֲנָא מְקַלְקֵל יַת אוֹרְחָתִיךְ כְּמָא דְסַיְגִין בְּכוּבַיָא וְאֶפְסוֹק כְּמָא דְמַפְסְקִין בְּכָתְלַיָא וּשְׁבִילָהָא לָא תִשְׁכָּח:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:16.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.2.8/