Hosea 7:13 הוֹשֵׁעַ
Who acts: hairs, I · What happens: stray, transgress, redeem, see, speak · To what, where: hairs, lies · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Hosea 7:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — hairs, I — and what happens in the verse to hairs, lies, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
א֤וֹי לָהֶם֙ כִּֽי־נָדְד֣וּ מִמֶּ֔נִּי שֹׁ֥ד לָהֶ֖ם כִּֽי־פָ֣שְׁעוּ בִ֑י וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֶפְדֵּ֔ם וְהֵ֕מָּה דִּבְּר֥וּ עָלַ֖י כְּזָבִֽים׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | א֤וֹי | אוֹי | INTJ | _ | 3 ָהֶם֙ | nsubj | woe! |
| 2 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 3 ָהֶם֙ | case | to |
| 3 | ָהֶם֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | root | root | them |
| 4 | כִּֽי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 5 נָדְד֣וּ | mark | (dm) |
| 5 | נָדְד֣וּ | נָדַד | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 3 ָהֶם֙ | advcl | they have fled |
| 6 | מִמּ | מִן | ADP | _ | 7 ֶ֔נִּי | case | from |
| 7 | ֶ֔נִּי | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 נָדְד֣וּ | obl | me |
| 8 | שֹׁ֥ד | שֹׁד | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 10 ָהֶ֖ם | nsubj | devastation |
| 9 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 10 ָהֶ֖ם | case | [belongs] to |
| 10 | ָהֶ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 ָהֶם֙ | parataxis | them |
| 11 | כִּֽי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 12 פָ֣שְׁעוּ | mark | (dm) |
| 12 | פָ֣שְׁעוּ | פָּשַׁע | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 3 ָהֶם֙ | advcl | they have transgressed |
| 13 | ב | בְּ | ADP | _ | 14 ִ֑י | case | against |
| 14 | ִ֑י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 פָ֣שְׁעוּ | obl | me |
| 15 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 17 אֶפְדּ | cc | and |
| 16 | אָנֹכִ֣י | אָנֹכִי | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 אֶפְדּ | nsubj | I |
| 17 | אֶפְדּ | פָּדָה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1 | 3 ָהֶם֙ | conj | I |
| 18 | ֵ֔ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 אֶפְדּ | obj | will redeem them |
| 19 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 21 דִּבְּר֥וּ | cc | and |
| 20 | הֵ֕מָּה | הֵמָּה | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 דִּבְּר֥וּ | nsubj | they |
| 21 | דִּבְּר֥וּ | דָבַר | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 3 ָהֶם֙ | conj | they have spoken |
| 22 | עָל | עַל | ADP | _ | 23 ַ֖י | case | on |
| 23 | ַ֖י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 דִּבְּר֥וּ | obl | me |
| 24 | כְּזָבִֽים | כָּזָב | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 21 דִּבְּר֥וּ | obj | lies |
| 25 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 24 כְּזָבִֽים | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| נָדְדוּ they have fled | qatal · qal | ||||
| פָשְׁעוּ they have transgressed | qatal · qal | ||||
| אֶפְדּ I | yiqtol · qal | אָנֹכִי I | ֵם will redeem them | ||
| דִּבְּרוּ they have spoken | qatal · piel | הֵמָּה they | כְּזָבִֽים lies |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וַי לְהוֹן אֲרֵי אִתְרְחָקוּ מִדְחַלְתִּי בָּזוֹזִין אַיְתֵי עֲלֵיהוֹן אֲרֵי מְרָדוּ בְּמֵימְרִי וַאֲנָא הֲוֵיתִי פָּרִיק לְהוֹן וְאִינוּן מְמַלְלִין קֳדָמַי כַּדִיבִין:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:96.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.7.13/