Hosea 8:7 הוֹשֵׁעַ

Who acts: shivers, calf, bud, strangers · What happens: sow, reap, have, yield, be, swallow up · To what, where: wind, whirlwind, stalk, meal, calf

This is Hosea 8:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — shivers, calf, bud, strangers — and what happens in the verse to wind, whirlwind, stalk, meal, calf, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֛י ר֥וּחַ יִזְרָ֖עוּ וְסוּפָ֣תָה יִקְצֹ֑רוּ קָמָ֣ה אֵֽין־ל֗וֹ צֶ֚מַח בְּלִ֣י יַֽעֲשֶׂה־קֶּ֔מַח אוּלַ֣י יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה זָרִ֖ים יִבְלָעֻֽהוּ׃

For they sow the wind, and they shall reap the whirlwind; it hath no stalk, the bud that shall yield no meal; if so be it yield, strangers shall swallow it up.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֛י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	3 יִזְרָ֖עוּ	mark	(dm)
2	ר֥וּחַ	רוּחַ	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 יִזְרָ֖עוּ	obj	a wind
3	יִזְרָ֖עוּ	זָרַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they sow
4	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יִקְצֹ֑רוּ	cc	and
5	סוּפָ֣ת	סוּפָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 יִקְצֹ֑רוּ	obj	a
6	ָה	ה	X	_	5 סוּפָ֣ת	nmod	storm-wind
7	יִקְצֹ֑רוּ	קָצַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 יִזְרָ֖עוּ	conj	they will reap
8	קָמָ֣ה	קָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 אֵֽין־	nsubj	standing grain
9	אֵֽין־	אַיִן	ADV	_	3 יִזְרָ֖עוּ	parataxis	there [is] not
10	ל	לְ	ADP	_	11 ֗וֹ	case	for
11	֗וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 אֵֽין־	obl	it
12	צֶ֚מַח	צֶמַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יַֽעֲשֶׂה־	nsubj	growth
13	בְּלִ֣י	בְּלִי	ADV	_	14 יַֽעֲשֶׂה־	advmod	not
14	יַֽעֲשֶׂה־	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יִזְרָ֖עוּ	parataxis	it will produce
15	קֶּ֔מַח	קֶמַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יַֽעֲשֶׂה־	obj	flour
16	אוּלַ֣י	אוּלַי	ADV	_	17 יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה	advmod	perhaps
17	יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	19 יִבְלָעֻֽ	parataxis	it will produce
18	זָרִ֖ים	זָר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 יִבְלָעֻֽ	nsubj	strangers
19	יִבְלָעֻֽ	בָּלַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 יִזְרָ֖עוּ	parataxis	they
20	הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 יִבְלָעֻֽ	obj	will swallow it
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 הוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not יִזְרָעוּ they sow	yiqtol · qal		רוּחַ a wind
יִקְצֹרוּ they will reap	yiqtol · qal		סוּפָת a
יַֽעֲשֶׂה־ it will produce	yiqtol · qal	צֶמַח growth	קֶּמַח flour
יַֽעֲשֶׂה it will produce	yiqtol · qal	צֶמַח growth	קֶּמַח flour
יִבְלָעֻֽ they	yiqtol · qal	זָרִים strangers	הוּ will swallow it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל דָמָן לִדְרוּחַ זֶרַע וְעַלְעוֹל חָצֵיד קָמָה לֵית לֵיהּ נוֹב לָא יַעְבֵּד מָאִים יִקְנוּן נִכְסִין עַמְמַיָא יִבְזוּנוּנוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For they sow the wind, and they shall reap the whirlwind; it hath no stalk, the bud that shall yield no meal; if so be it yield, strangers shall swallow it up.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:106.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.8.7/