Isaiah 22:13 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: you, us, we · What happens: behold, slay, kill, eat, drink, let · To what, where: joy, oxen, sheep, flesh, wine, us

This is Isaiah 22:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, us, we — and what happens in the verse to joy, oxen, sheep, flesh, wine, us, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהִנֵּ֣ה ׀ שָׂשׂ֣וֹן וְשִׂמְחָ֗ה הָרֹ֤ג ׀ בָּקָר֙ וְשָׁחֹ֣ט צֹ֔אן אָכֹ֥ל בָּשָׂ֖ר וְשָׁת֣וֹת יָ֑יִן אָכ֣וֹל וְשָׁת֔וֹ כִּ֥י מָחָ֖ר נָמֽוּת׃

And behold joy and gladness, slaying oxen and killing sheep, eating flesh and drinking wine — 'Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we shall die!'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 שָׂשׂ֣וֹן	cc	and
2	הִנֵּ֣ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	4 שָׂשׂ֣וֹן	discourse	there!
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 הִנֵּ֣ה	punct
4	שָׂשׂ֣וֹן	שָׂשׂוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	joy
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 שִׂמְחָ֗ה	cc	and
6	שִׂמְחָ֗ה	שִׂמְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 שָׂשׂ֣וֹן	conj	gladness
7	הָרֹ֤ג	הָרַג	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 שָׂשׂ֣וֹן	parataxis	they are killing
8	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	7 הָרֹ֤ג	punct
9	בָּקָר֙	בָּקָר	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 הָרֹ֤ג	obj	cattle
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 שָׁחֹ֣ט	cc	and
11	שָׁחֹ֣ט	שָׁחַט	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 הָרֹ֤ג	conj	they are slaughtering
12	צֹ֔אן	צֹאן	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 שָׁחֹ֣ט	obj	sheep
13	אָכֹ֥ל	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 שָׂשׂ֣וֹן	parataxis	they are eating
14	בָּשָׂ֖ר	בָּשָׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 אָכֹ֥ל	obj	meat
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 שָׁת֣וֹת	cc	and
16	שָׁת֣וֹת	שָׁתָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	13 אָכֹ֥ל	conj	they are drinking
17	יָ֑יִן	יַיִן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 שָׁת֣וֹת	obj	wine
18	אָכ֣וֹל	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 שָׂשׂ֣וֹן	parataxis	we will eat
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 שָׁת֔וֹ	cc	and
20	שָׁת֔וֹ	שָׁתָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	18 אָכ֣וֹל	conj	we will drink
21	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	23 נָמֽוּת	mark	(dm)
22	מָחָ֖ר	מָחָר	ADV	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 נָמֽוּת	advmod	tomorrow
23	נָמֽוּת	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	4 שָׂשׂ֣וֹן	advcl	we will die
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 נָמֽוּת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: no

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
הָרֹג they are killing	infinitive absolute · qal	בָּקָר cattle
שָׁחֹט they are slaughtering	infinitive absolute · qal	צֹאן sheep
אָכֹל they are eating	infinitive absolute · qal	בָּשָׂר meat
שָׁתוֹת they are drinking	infinitive absolute · qal	יָיִן wine
אָכוֹל we will eat	infinitive absolute · qal
שָׁתוֹ we will drink	infinitive absolute · qal
נָמֽוּת we will die	yiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְהָא בִּיַע וְחֶדְוָה אָמְרִין נִקְטוֹל תוֹרִין וְנִנְכַס עָאן נֵיכוּל בְּסַר וְנִשְׁתֵּי חֲמַר נֵיכוּל וְנִשְׁתֵּי מִדִנְמוּת לָא נְחֵי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And behold joy and gladness, slaying oxen and killing sheep, eating flesh and drinking wine — 'Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we shall die!'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:410.

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