Isaiah 30:25 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: streams, towers · What happens: be, fall · To what, where: lofty mountain

This is Isaiah 30:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — streams, towers — and what happens in the verse to lofty mountain, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ עַל־כָּל־הַ֣ר גָּבֹ֗הַוְעַל֙ כָּל־גִּבְעָ֣ה נִשָּׂאָ֔ה פְּלָגִ֖ים יִבְלֵי־מָ֑יִם בְּיוֹם֙ הֶ֣רֶג רָ֔ב בִּנְפֹ֖ל מִגְדָּלִֽים׃

And there shall be upon every lofty mountain, and upon every high hill streams and watercourses, in the day of the great slaughter, when the towers fall.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 כָּל־	cc	and
2	הָיָ֣ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 כָּל־	cop	it will be
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 הָיָ֣ה	punct
4	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	5 כָּל־	case	on
5	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	every
6	הַ֣ר	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 כָּל־	compound:smixut	mountain
7	גָּבֹ֗הַ	גָּבֹהַּ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 הַ֣ר	amod	high
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 כָּל־	cc	and
9	עַל֙	עַל	ADP	_	10 כָּל־	case	on
10	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 כָּל־	conj	every
11	גִּבְעָ֣ה	גִּבְעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 כָּל־	compound:smixut	hill
12	נִשָּׂאָ֔ה	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	11 גִּבְעָ֣ה	nmod	lifted up
13	פְּלָגִ֖ים	פֶּלֶג	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 כָּל־	nsubj	streams
14	יִבְלֵי־	יָבָל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 פְּלָגִ֖ים	appos	watercourses
15	מָ֑יִם	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 יִבְלֵי־	compound:smixut	of water
16	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 יוֹם֙	case	in
17	יוֹם֙	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 כָּל־	obl	a day
18	הֶ֣רֶג	הֶרֶג	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 יוֹם֙	compound:smixut	of slaughter
19	רָ֔ב	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 הֶ֣רֶג	amod	great
20	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	21 נְפֹ֖ל	case	when
21	נְפֹ֖ל	נָפַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	5 כָּל־	advcl	fall
22	מִגְדָּלִֽים	מִגְדָּל	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 נְפֹ֖ל	nsubj	towers
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 מִגְדָּלִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
הָיָה it will be	weqatal · qal	פְּלָגִים streams
נִשָּׂאָה lifted up	participle active · niphal	גִּבְעָה hill
נְפֹל fall	infinitive construct · qal	מִגְדָּלִֽים towers

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִיהֵי עַל כָּל טוּר רָם וְעַל כָּל רָמָא מְנַטְלָא פַצִידִין נָגְדִין מַיִין תַּקָלָא לְמַלְכִין וּלְמַשִׁרְיַתְהוֹן בְּיוֹם קְטוּל רַב בְּמַפַּל רַבְרְבִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And there shall be upon every lofty mountain, and upon every high hill streams and watercourses, in the day of the great slaughter, when the towers fall.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:587.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.30.25/