Isaiah 31:8 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: Asshur, sword, young men · What happens: fall, devour, flee, become · To what, where: Asshur, sword

This is Isaiah 31:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Asshur, sword, young men — and what happens in the verse to Asshur, sword, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְנָפַ֤ל אַשּׁוּר֙ בְּחֶ֣רֶב לֹא־אִ֔ישׁ וְחֶ֥רֶב לֹֽא־אָדָ֖ם תֹּֽאכֲלֶ֑נּוּ וְנָ֥ס לוֹ֙ מִפְּנֵי־חֶ֔רֶב וּבַחוּרָ֖יו לָמַ֥ס יִהְיֽוּ׃

Then shall Asshur fall with the sword, not of man, and the sword, not of men, shall devour him; and he shall flee from the sword, and his young men shall become tributary.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 נָפַ֤ל	cc	and
2	נָפַ֤ל	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will fall
3	אַשּׁוּר֙	אַשּׁוּר	PROPN	_	2 נָפַ֤ל	nsubj	Assyria
4	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 חֶ֣רֶב	case	by
5	חֶ֣רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 נָפַ֤ל	obl	a sword
6	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	7 אִ֔ישׁ	advmod	not
7	אִ֔ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 חֶ֣רֶב	acl	a human
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 תֹּֽאכֲל	cc	and
9	חֶ֥רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 תֹּֽאכֲל	nsubj	a sword
10	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	11 אָדָ֖ם	advmod	not
11	אָדָ֖ם	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 חֶ֥רֶב	acl	a human
12	תֹּֽאכֲל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 נָפַ֤ל	conj	it
13	ֶ֑נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 תֹּֽאכֲל	obj	will consume it
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 נָ֥ס	cc	and
15	נָ֥ס	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 נָפַ֤ל	conj	it will flee
16	ל	לְ	ADP	_	17 וֹ֙	case	(for
17	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 נָ֥ס	obl	itself
18	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	19 פְּנֵי־	case	from
19	פְּנֵי־	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 נָ֥ס	obl	before
20	חֶ֔רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 פְּנֵי־	compound:smixut	a sword
21	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 מַ֥ס	cc	and
22	בַחוּרָ֖י	בָּחוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	25 מַ֥ס	nsubj	its young
23	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 בַחוּרָ֖י	nmod:poss	men
24	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	25 מַ֥ס	case	(into) forced
25	מַ֥ס	מַס	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 נָפַ֤ל	conj	labor
26	יִהְיֽוּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	25 מַ֥ס	cop	they will become
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 יִהְיֽוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
נָפַל it will fall	weqatal · qal	אַשּׁוּר Assyria
תֹּֽאכֲל it	yiqtol · qal	חֶרֶב a sword	ֶנּוּ will consume it
נָס it will flee	weqatal · qal	אַשּׁוּר Assyria
יִהְיֽוּ they will become	yiqtol · qal	בַחוּרָי its young

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיִפּוֹל אַתּוּרָאָה בְּחֶרֶב לָא אֱנַשׁ וְחֶרֶב לָא אֱנשׁ תְּשֵׁיצִינֵהּ וְיֶעְרוֹק לֵיהּ כְּמִן קֳדָם דְקַטְלִין בְּחַרְבָּא וְגִבְרוֹהִי לִתְּבַר יְהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then shall Asshur fall with the sword, not of man, and the sword, not of men, shall devour him; and he shall flee from the sword, and his young men shall become tributary.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:603.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.31.8/