Isaiah 31:8 · JPS 1917
Then shall Asshur fall with the sword, not of man, and the sword, not of men, shall devour him; and he shall flee from the sword, and his young men shall become tributary.
Who acts: Asshur, sword, young men · What happens: fall, devour, flee, become · To what, where: Asshur, sword
This is Isaiah 31:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Asshur, sword, young men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 fall | advmod |
| 2 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 fall | aux |
| 3 | Asshur | Asshur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 fall | nsubj |
| 4 | fall | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 sword | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 sword | det |
| 7 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fall | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 man | punct |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 man | advmod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 man | case |
| 11 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sword | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 devour | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 devour | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 sword | det |
| 15 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 devour | nsubj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 men | punct |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 men | advmod |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 men | case |
| 19 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 sword | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 sword | punct |
| 21 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 devour | aux |
| 22 | devour | devour | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 fall | conj |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 devour | obj |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 flee | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 flee | cc |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 flee | nsubj |
| 27 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 flee | aux |
| 28 | flee | flee | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 fall | conj |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 31 sword | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 sword | det |
| 31 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 flee | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 become | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 become | cc |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 men | nmod:poss |
| 35 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 men | amod |
| 36 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 become | nsubj |
| 37 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 become | aux |
| 38 | become | become | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 flee | conj |
| 39 | tributary | tributary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 become | xcomp |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 fall | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | shall | Asshur | then | with the sword of man | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | devour | shall | the sword of men | Asshur | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | ||||
| 3 | flee | shall | sword | the sword | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from sword=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | become | shall | sword's young men | tributary property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְנָפַ֤ל אַשּׁוּר֙ בְּחֶ֣רֶב לֹא־אִ֔ישׁ וְחֶ֥רֶב לֹֽא־אָדָ֖ם תֹּֽאכֲלֶ֑נּוּ וְנָ֥ס לוֹ֙ מִפְּנֵי־חֶ֔רֶב וּבַחוּרָ֖יו לָמַ֥ס יִהְיֽוּ׃
Isaiah 31:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:659 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.659/