Isaiah 44:6 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: LORD, I, God · What happens: say, be · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Isaiah 44:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I, God — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כֹּֽה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֧ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וְגֹאֲל֖וֹ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת אֲנִ֤י רִאשׁוֹן֙ וַאֲנִ֣י אַחֲר֔וֹן וּמִבַּלְעָדַ֖י אֵ֥ין אֱלֹהִֽים׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כֹּֽה־ | כֹּה | ADV | _ | 2 אָמַ֨ר | advmod | thus |
| 2 | אָמַ֨ר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he says |
| 3 | יְהוָ֧ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 2 אָמַ֨ר | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 4 | מֶֽלֶךְ־ | מֶלֶךְ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 יְהוָ֧ה | appos | the king |
| 5 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 4 מֶֽלֶךְ־ | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 6 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 7 גֹאֲל | cc | and |
| 7 | גֹאֲל | גָּאַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 4 מֶֽלֶךְ־ | conj | redeemer |
| 8 | ֖וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 גֹאֲל | nmod:poss | its |
| 9 | יְהוָ֣ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 3 יְהוָ֧ה | appos | Yahweh |
| 10 | צְבָא֑וֹת | צָבָא | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 יְהוָ֣ה | compound:smixut | of hosts |
| 11 | אֲנִ֤י | אֲנִי | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 רִאשׁוֹן֙ | nsubj | I |
| 12 | רִאשׁוֹן֙ | רִאשׁוֹן | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 אָמַ֨ר | ccomp | [am] first |
| 13 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 15 אַחֲר֔וֹן | cc | and |
| 14 | אֲנִ֣י | אֲנִי | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 אַחֲר֔וֹן | nsubj | I |
| 15 | אַחֲר֔וֹן | אַחֲרוֹן | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 12 רִאשׁוֹן֙ | conj | [am] last |
| 16 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 20 אֵ֥ין | cc | and |
| 17 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 19 ַ֖י | case | (from) |
| 18 | בַּלְעָד | בִּלְעֲדֵי | ADP | _ | 19 ַ֖י | case | except |
| 19 | ַ֖י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 אֵ֥ין | obl | me |
| 20 | אֵ֥ין | אַיִן | ADV | _ | 12 רִאשׁוֹן֙ | conj | there [is] not |
| 21 | אֱלֹהִֽים | אֱלֹהִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 20 אֵ֥ין | nsubj | a god |
| 22 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 21 אֱלֹהִֽים | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- yes
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אָמַר he says | qatal · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | |||
| גֹאֲל redeemer | participle active · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ מַלְכָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וּפַרְקֵהּ יְיָ צְבָאוֹת אֲנָא הוּא דְמִלְקַדְמִין אַף עַלְמֵי עָלְמַיָא דִילִי אִינוּן וּבַר מִנִי לֵית אֱלֶהּ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:884.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.6/