Isaiah 44:7 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: you, LORD, I, things, that · What happens: proclaim, let, declare, set, appoint, come · To what, where: LORD, water, order, ancient people, things

This is Isaiah 44:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, LORD, I, things, that — and what happens in the verse to LORD, water, order, ancient people, things, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וּמִֽי־כָמ֣וֹנִי יִקְרָ֗א וְיַגִּידֶ֤הָ וְיַעְרְכֶ֙הָ֙ לִ֔י מִשּׂוּמִ֖י עַם־עוֹלָ֑ם וְאֹתִיּ֛וֹת וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר תָּבֹ֖אנָה יַגִּ֥ידוּ לָֽמוֹ׃

And who, as I, can proclaim — let him declare it, and set it in order for Me — since I appointed the ancient people? And the things that are coming, and that shall come to pass, let them declare.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יִקְרָ֗א	cc	and
2	מִֽי־	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	5 יִקְרָ֗א	nsubj	who?
3	כָמ֣וֹ	כְּמוֹ	ADP	_	4 נִי	case	[is] like
4	נִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 יִקְרָ֗א	obl	me
5	יִקְרָ֗א	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	let him proclaim [it]
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יַגִּיד	cc	and
7	יַגִּיד	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	5 יִקְרָ֗א	conj	let
8	ֶ֤הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 יַגִּיד	obj	him declare it
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יַעְרְכ	cc	and
10	יַעְרְכ	עָרַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 יִקְרָ֗א	conj	let
11	ֶ֙הָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 יַעְרְכ	obj	him recount it in order
12	ל	לְ	ADP	_	13 ִ֔י	case	to
13	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 יַעְרְכ	obl	me
14	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	15 שּׂוּמ	case	from
15	שּׂוּמ	שׂים	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	10 יַעְרְכ	advcl	when
16	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 שּׂוּמ	nsubj	I established
17	עַם־	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 שּׂוּמ	obj	a people
18	עוֹלָ֑ם	עוֹלָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 עַם־	compound:smixut	of antiquity
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יַגִּ֥ידוּ	cc	the coming
20	אֹתִיּ֛וֹת	אָתָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	24 יַגִּ֥ידוּ	obj	[things]
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 תָּבֹ֖אנָה	cc	and
22	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	23 תָּבֹ֖אנָה	mark	[the things] which
23	תָּבֹ֖אנָה	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	20 אֹתִיּ֛וֹת	conj	they will come
24	יַגִּ֥ידוּ	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	5 יִקְרָ֗א	conj	let them declare
25	לָֽ	לְ	ADP	_	26 מוֹ	case	to
26	מוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 יַגִּ֥ידוּ	obl	them
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 מוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִקְרָא let him proclaim [it]	yiqtol · qal	מִֽי־ who?
יַגִּיד let	yiqtol · hiphil	ֶהָ him declare it		מִֽי־ who?
יַעְרְכ let	yiqtol · qal	מִֽי־ who?	ֶהָ him recount it in order
שּׂוּמ when	infinitive construct · qal	ִי I established	עַם־ a people
תָּבֹאנָה they will come	yiqtol · qal
יַגִּידוּ let them declare	yiqtol · hiphil	אֹתִיּוֹת [things] + תָּבֹאנָה they will come		מִֽי־ who?

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּמַן כְּוָתִי דִין עַרְעִינָהּ וִיחַוִינָהּ וִיסַדְרִינָהּ קֳדָמַי מִשַׁוָיוּתִי עַמָא דְמִן עַלְמָא וּדְאָתְיָן וְדַעֲתִידִין לְמֵיתֵי יְחַווּן לָנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:885.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.7/