Isaiah 58:3 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: we, Thou, ye, your · What happens: fast, not see, afflict, take, pursue, exact · To what, where: soul, knowledge, business, labours

This is Isaiah 58:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — we, Thou, ye, your — and what happens in the verse to soul, knowledge, business, labours, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לָ֤מָּה צַּ֙מְנוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א רָאִ֔יתָ עִנִּ֥ינוּ נַפְשֵׁ֖נוּ וְלֹ֣א תֵדָ֑ע הֵ֣ן בְּי֤וֹם צֹֽמְכֶם֙ תִּמְצְאוּ־חֵ֔פֶץ וְכָל־עַצְּבֵיכֶ֖ם תִּנְגֹּֽשׂוּ׃

'Wherefore have we fasted, and Thou seest not? Wherefore have we afflicted our soul, and Thou takest no knowledge?' — Behold, in the day of your fast ye pursue your business, and exact all your labours.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לָ֤	לָמָה	ADP	_	2 מָּה	case
2	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	3 צַּ֙מְנוּ֙	obl	why?
3	צַּ֙מְנוּ֙	צוּם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	root	root	have we fasted
4	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 רָאִ֔יתָ	cc	and
5	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	6 רָאִ֔יתָ	advmod	not
6	רָאִ֔יתָ	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	3 צַּ֙מְנוּ֙	conj	you have seen
7	עִנִּ֥ינוּ	עָנָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=1	3 צַּ֙מְנוּ֙	parataxis	have we humbled?
8	נַפְשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 עִנִּ֥ינוּ	obj	self
9	ֵ֖נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 נַפְשׁ	nmod:poss	our
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 תֵדָ֑ע	cc	and
11	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	12 תֵדָ֑ע	advmod	not
12	תֵדָ֑ע	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	7 עִנִּ֥ינוּ	conj	you know
13	הֵ֣ן	הֵן	INTJ	_	7 עִנִּ֥ינוּ	ccomp	there!
14	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 י֤וֹם	case	on
15	י֤וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 תִּמְצְאוּ־	obl	the day
16	צֹֽמ	צוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 י֤וֹם	compound:smixut	your fasting
17	ְכֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 צֹֽמ	nmod:poss	your
18	תִּמְצְאוּ־	מָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	13 הֵ֣ן	parataxis	you find
19	חֵ֔פֶץ	חֵפֶץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 תִּמְצְאוּ־	obj	pleasure
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 תִּנְגֹּֽשׂוּ	cc	and
21	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 תִּנְגֹּֽשׂוּ	obj	all
22	עַצְּבֵי	עָצֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	21 כָל־	compound:smixut	laborers
23	כֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	22 עַצְּבֵי	nmod:poss	your
24	תִּנְגֹּֽשׂוּ	נָגַשׂ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	18 תִּמְצְאוּ־	conj	you drive hard
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 תִּנְגֹּֽשׂוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
צַּמְנוּ have we fasted	qatal · qal
not רָאִיתָ you have seen	qatal · qal
עִנִּינוּ have we humbled?	qatal · piel	נַפְשׁ self
not תֵדָע you know	yiqtol · qal
תִּמְצְאוּ־ you find	yiqtol · qal	חֵפֶץ pleasure
תִּנְגֹּֽשׂוּ you drive hard	yiqtol · qal	עַצְּבֵי laborers

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אָמְרִין לְמָא אֲנַחְנָא צַיְמִין וּקְדָמָךְ גְלֵי מְסַגְפִין נַפְשָׁתָנָא וּקְדָמָךְ יְדִיעַ נְבִיָא אֲמַר לְהוֹן הָא בְיוֹם תַּעֲנִיתְכוֹן אַתּוּן תָּבְעִין צָרְכֵיכוֹן וְכָן תַּקְלַתְכוֹן אַתּוּן מְקָרְבִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:1134.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.58.3/