Isaiah 61:4 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: garland · What happens: build, raise up, renew, desolate · To what, where: old wastes, former desolations, waste cities, many generations
This is Isaiah 61:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — garland — and what happens in the verse to old wastes, former desolations, waste cities, many generations, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וּבָנוּ֙ חָרְב֣וֹת עוֹלָ֔ם שֹׁמְמ֥וֹת רִֽאשֹׁנִ֖ים יְקוֹמֵ֑מוּ וְחִדְּשׁוּ֙ עָ֣רֵי חֹ֔רֶב שֹׁמְמ֖וֹת דּ֥וֹר וָדֽוֹר׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 בָנוּ֙ | cc | and |
| 2 | בָנוּ֙ | בָּנָה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | they will rebuild |
| 3 | חָרְב֣וֹת | חׇרְבָּה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 2 בָנוּ֙ | obj | [the] ruins |
| 4 | עוֹלָ֔ם | עוֹלָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 חָרְב֣וֹת | compound:smixut | of antiquity |
| 5 | שֹׁמְמ֥וֹת | שָׁמֵם | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 7 יְקוֹמֵ֑מוּ | obj | [the] desolate [places] |
| 6 | רִֽאשֹׁנִ֖ים | רִאשׁוֹן | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 5 שֹׁמְמ֥וֹת | amod | of [the] forefathers |
| 7 | יְקוֹמֵ֑מוּ | קוּם | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=POLEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 בָנוּ֙ | parataxis | they will raise up |
| 8 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 חִדְּשׁוּ֙ | cc | and |
| 9 | חִדְּשׁוּ֙ | חָדַשׁ | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 בָנוּ֙ | conj | they will renew |
| 10 | עָ֣רֵי | עִיר | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 9 חִדְּשׁוּ֙ | obj | [the] cities |
| 11 | חֹ֔רֶב | חֹרֶב | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 10 עָ֣רֵי | compound:smixut | of devastation |
| 12 | שֹׁמְמ֖וֹת | שָׁמֵם | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 10 עָ֣רֵי | appos | [the] desolate [places] |
| 13 | דּ֥וֹר | דּוֹר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 12 שֹׁמְמ֖וֹת | compound:smixut | of a generation |
| 14 | וָ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 15 דֽוֹר | cc | and |
| 15 | דֽוֹר | דּוֹר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 דּ֥וֹר | conj | a generation |
| 16 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 15 דֽוֹר | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| בָנוּ they will rebuild | weqatal · qal | חָרְבוֹת [the] ruins | |||
| יְקוֹמֵמוּ they will raise up | yiqtol · polel | שֹׁמְמוֹת [the] desolate [places] | |||
| חִדְּשׁוּ they will renew | weqatal · piel | עָרֵי [the] cities | |||
| שֹׁמְמוֹת [the] desolate [places] | participle active · qal | עָרֵי [the] cities | דּוֹר of a generation + דֽוֹר a generation |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וְיִבְנוֹן חָרְבַת עֲלָם צַדְיָת קַדְמָאֵי יְקוֹמְמוּן וִיחַדְתּוּן קִירְוִין דַהֲוָאָה חָרְבָּן צַדְיָא דָר וְדָר:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:1192.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.61.4/