Judges 1:19 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: LORD, Judah, inhabitants · What happens: be, drive out, not drive out, have · To what, where: inhabitants, chariots

This is Judges 1:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, Judah, inhabitants — and what happens in the verse to inhabitants, chariots, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֶתּ־יְהוּדָ֔הוַיֹּ֖רֶשׁ אֶת־הָהָ֑ר כִּ֣י לֹ֤א לְהוֹרִישׁ֙ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָעֵ֔מֶק כִּי־רֶ֥כֶב בַּרְזֶ֖ל לָהֶֽם׃

And the LORD was with Judah; and he drove out the inhabitants of the hill-country; for he could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֤י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֤י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he was
3	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יְהִ֤י	nsubj	Yahweh
4	אֶתּ־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 יְהוּדָ֔ה	case	with
5	יְהוּדָ֔ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	2 יְהִ֤י	obl	Judah
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יֹּ֖רֶשׁ	cc	and
7	יֹּ֖רֶשׁ	יָרַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֤י	conj	it took possession of
8	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	10 הָ֑ר	case	(et)
9	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 הָ֑ר	det	the hill
10	הָ֑ר	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 יֹּ֖רֶשׁ	obj	country
11	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	12 לֹ֤א	mark	(dm)
12	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	2 יְהִ֤י	advcl	not
13	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	14 הוֹרִישׁ֙	case	to
14	הוֹרִישׁ֙	יָרַשׁ	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	12 לֹ֤א	advcl	dispossess
15	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	16 יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	case	(et)
16	יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	14 הוֹרִישׁ֙	obj	the inhabitants
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 עֵ֔מֶק	det	of
18	עֵ֔מֶק	עֵמֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	compound:smixut	the valley
19	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	23 ָהֶֽם	mark	(dm)
20	רֶ֥כֶב	רֶכֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 ָהֶֽם	nsubj	chariotry
21	בַּרְזֶ֖ל	בַּרְזֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 רֶ֥כֶב	compound:smixut	of iron
22	ל	לְ	ADP	_	23 ָהֶֽם	case	[belonged] to
23	ָהֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יְהִ֤י	advcl	them
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 ָהֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
not יְהִי he was	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
יֹּרֶשׁ it took possession of	wayyiqtol · hiphil	הָר country	יְהוּדָה Judah
הוֹרִישׁ dispossess	infinitive construct · hiphil	יֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants	יְהוּדָה Judah

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוָה מֵימְרָא דַייָ בְּסַעֲדֵיהּ דְבֵית יְהוּדָה וְתָרִיכוּ יַת יַתְבֵי טוּרָא וּבָּתַר כֵּן דְחָבוּ לָא יְכִילוּ לְתָרָכָא יַת יַתְבֵי מֵישְׁרָא אֲרֵי רְתִיכִין דְבַרְזְלָא לְהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the LORD was with Judah; and he drove out the inhabitants of the hill-country; for he could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:18.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.1.19/