Judges 20:45 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: Benjamites · What happens: turn, flee, glean, follow, smote · To what, where: wilderness, thousand men, highways

This is Judges 20:45 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Benjamites — and what happens in the verse to wilderness, thousand men, highways, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּפְנ֞וּ וַיָּנֻ֤סוּ הַמִּדְבָּ֙רָה֙ אֶל־סֶ֣לַע הָֽרִמּ֔וֹן וַיְעֹֽלְלֻ֙הוּ֙ בַּֽמְסִלּ֔וֹת חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ וַיַּדְבִּ֤יקוּ אַחֲרָיו֙ עַד־גִּדְעֹ֔ם וַיַּכּ֥וּ מִמֶּ֖נּוּ אַלְפַּ֥יִם אִֽישׁ׃

And they turned and fled toward the wilderness unto the rock of Rimmon; and they gleaned of them in the highways five thousand men; and followed hard after them unto Gidom, and smote of them two thousand men.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּפְנ֞וּ	cc	and
2	יִּפְנ֞וּ	פָּנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they turned
3	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 יָּנֻ֤סוּ	cc	and
4	יָּנֻ֤סוּ	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּפְנ֞וּ	conj	they fled
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 מִּדְבָּ֙ר	det	to
6	מִּדְבָּ֙ר	מִדְבָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 יָּנֻ֤סוּ	obl	the
7	ָה֙	ה	X	_	6 מִּדְבָּ֙ר	nmod	wilderness
8	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	9 סֶ֣לַע	case	to
9	סֶ֣לַע	סֶלַע	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 יָּנֻ֤סוּ	obl	the rock
10	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 רִמּ֔וֹן	det	of (the)
11	רִמּ֔וֹן	רִמּוֹן	PROPN	_	9 סֶ֣לַע	compound:smixut	Rimmon
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יְעֹֽלְלֻ֙	cc	and
13	יְעֹֽלְלֻ֙	עָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=POEL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּפְנ֞וּ	conj	they
14	הוּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 יְעֹֽלְלֻ֙	obj	gleaned him
15	בַּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 מְסִלּ֔וֹת	case	in
16	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 מְסִלּ֔וֹת	det	the
17	מְסִלּ֔וֹת	מְסִלָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	13 יְעֹֽלְלֻ֙	obl	highways
18	חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת	חָמֵשׁ	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 אִ֑ישׁ	nummod	five
19	אֲלָפִ֖ים	אֶלֶף	NUM	Number=Plur	18 חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת	flat	thousand(s)
20	אִ֑ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 הוּ֙	appos	man
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 יַּדְבִּ֤יקוּ	cc	and
22	יַּדְבִּ֤יקוּ	דָּבַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּפְנ֞וּ	conj	they pursued closely
23	אַחֲרָי	אַחַר	ADP	_	24 ו֙	case	after
24	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 יַּדְבִּ֤יקוּ	obl	him
25	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	26 גִּדְעֹ֔ם	case	to
26	גִּדְעֹ֔ם	גִּדְעֹם	PROPN	_	22 יַּדְבִּ֤יקוּ	obl	Gidom
27	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יַּכּ֥וּ	cc	and
28	יַּכּ֥וּ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּפְנ֞וּ	conj	they struck down
29	מִמּ	מִן	ADP	_	30 ֶ֖נּוּ	case	of
30	ֶ֖נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	28 יַּכּ֥וּ	obl	him
31	אַלְפַּ֥יִם	אֶלֶף	NUM	Number=Plur	32 אִֽישׁ	nummod	two thousand
32	אִֽישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 יַּכּ֥וּ	obj	man
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 אִֽישׁ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּפְנוּ they turned	wayyiqtol · qal
יָּנֻסוּ they fled	wayyiqtol · qal
יְעֹֽלְלֻ they	wayyiqtol · poel		הוּ gleaned him
יַּדְבִּיקוּ they pursued closely	wayyiqtol · hiphil
יַּכּוּ they struck down	wayyiqtol · hiphil	אִֽישׁ man

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאִתְפְּנִיאוּ וְאַפִּיכוּ לְמַדְבְּרָא לְכֵיף רִמוֹן וְאִטַמָרוּ בְּכִיבְשַׁיָא חַמְשָׁא אַלְפִין גַבְרָא וְאַדְבִּיקוּ בַתְרֵיהוֹן עַד גִדְעֹם וּקְטִילוּ מִנְהוֹן תְּרֵין אַלְפִין גַבְרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they turned and fled toward the wilderness unto the rock of Rimmon; and they gleaned of them in the highways five thousand men; and followed hard after them unto Gidom, and smote of them two thousand men.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:589.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.45/