Jeremiah 48:19 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: you · What happens: stand, watch, ask, flee, escape, say · To what, where: Aroer · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Jeremiah 48:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you — and what happens in the verse to Aroer, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אֶל־דֶּ֛רֶךְ עִמְדִ֥י וְצַפִּ֖י יוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת עֲרוֹעֵ֑ר שַׁאֲלִי־נָ֣ס וְנִמְלָ֔טָה אִמְרִ֖י מַה־נִּֽהְיָֽתָה׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אֶל־ | אֶל | ADP | _ | 2 דֶּ֛רֶךְ | case | to |
| 2 | דֶּ֛רֶךְ | דֶּרֶךְ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 עִמְדִ֥י | obl | [the] road |
| 3 | עִמְדִ֥י | עָמַד | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | root | root | stand |
| 4 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 5 צַפִּ֖י | cc | and |
| 5 | צַפִּ֖י | צָפָה | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2 | 3 עִמְדִ֥י | conj | watch |
| 6 | יוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת | יָשַׁב | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 3 עִמְדִ֥י | parataxis | O inhabitant[s] |
| 7 | עֲרוֹעֵ֑ר | עֲרֹועֵר | PROPN | _ | 6 יוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת | compound:smixut | of Aroer |
| 8 | שַׁאֲלִי־ | שָׁאַל | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | 3 עִמְדִ֥י | parataxis | ask |
| 9 | נָ֣ס | נוּס | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 8 שַׁאֲלִי־ | obj | a [man who] flees |
| 10 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 11 נִמְלָ֔טָה | cc | and |
| 11 | נִמְלָ֔טָה | מָלַט | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing | 9 נָ֣ס | conj | a [woman who] escapes |
| 12 | אִמְרִ֖י | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | 8 שַׁאֲלִי־ | ccomp | say |
| 13 | מַה־ | מָה | PRON | PronType=Int | 14 נִּֽהְיָֽתָה | nsubj | what? |
| 14 | נִּֽהְיָֽתָה | הָיָה | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 12 אִמְרִ֖י | ccomp | has it happened |
| 15 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 14 נִּֽהְיָֽתָה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| עִמְדִי stand | imperative · qal | יוֹשֶׁבֶת O inhabitant[s] | |||
| צַפִּי watch | imperative · piel | יוֹשֶׁבֶת O inhabitant[s] | |||
| שַׁאֲלִי־ ask | imperative · qal | יוֹשֶׁבֶת O inhabitant[s] | נָס a [man who] flees + נִמְלָטָה a [woman who] escapes | ||
| אִמְרִי say | imperative · qal | יוֹשֶׁבֶת O inhabitant[s] | |||
| נִּֽהְיָֽתָה has it happened | qatal · niphal | מַה־ what? |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
עַל אוֹרְחָא קוּמוּ וּסְכוּ דְיַתְבִין בַּעֲרוֹעֵר שְׁאִילוּ שְׁאִילוּ לְמֶעְרְקַיָא וּלְמִשֵׁיזָבַיָא אֲמָרוּ מָה הֲוָה עַל תְּבָרָא דֵיכִי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1151.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.19/