Jeremiah 48:20 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: ye · What happens: put, dismay, wail, cry, tell, spoil · To what, where: Moab, shame, Arnon · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Jeremiah 48:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye — and what happens in the verse to Moab, shame, Arnon, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
הֹבִ֥ישׁ מוֹאָ֛ב כִּֽי־חַ֖תָּה הֵילִ֣ילוּ ׀ וּֽזְעָ֑קוּ הַגִּ֣ידוּ בְאַרְנ֔וֹן כִּ֥י שֻׁדַּ֖ד מוֹאָֽב׃
Moab is put to shame, for it is dismayed; wail and cry; tell ye it in Arnon, that Moab is spoiled.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | הֹבִ֥ישׁ | יָבֵשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | it has been put to shame |
| 2 | מוֹאָ֛ב | מוֹאָב | PROPN | _ | 1 הֹבִ֥ישׁ | nsubj | Moab |
| 3 | כִּֽי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 4 חַ֖תָּה | mark | (dm) |
| 4 | חַ֖תָּה | חָתַת | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 הֹבִ֥ישׁ | advcl | it has been shattered |
| 5 | הֵילִ֣ילוּ | יָלַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 הֹבִ֥ישׁ | parataxis | wail |
| 6 | ׀ | ׀ | PUNCT | _ | 5 הֵילִ֣ילוּ | punct | |
| 7 | וּֽ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 8 זְעָ֑קוּ | cc | and |
| 8 | זְעָ֑קוּ | זָעַק | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 הֹבִ֥ישׁ | conj | cry out |
| 9 | הַגִּ֣ידוּ | נָגַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 הֹבִ֥ישׁ | parataxis | declare |
| 10 | בְ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 11 אַרְנ֔וֹן | case | at [the] |
| 11 | אַרְנ֔וֹן | אַרְנוֹן | PROPN | _ | 9 הַגִּ֣ידוּ | obl | Arnon |
| 12 | כִּ֥י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 13 שֻׁדַּ֖ד | mark | (dm) that |
| 13 | שֻׁדַּ֖ד | שָׁדַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 9 הַגִּ֣ידוּ | ccomp | it has been devastated |
| 14 | מוֹאָֽב | מוֹאָב | PROPN | _ | 13 שֻׁדַּ֖ד | nsubj | Moab |
| 15 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 14 מוֹאָֽב | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| הֹבִישׁ it has been put to shame | qatal · hiphil | מוֹאָב Moab | |||
| חַתָּה it has been shattered | qatal · qal | מוֹאָב Moab | |||
| הֵילִילוּ wail | imperative · hiphil | ||||
| זְעָקוּ cry out | imperative · qal | ||||
| הַגִּידוּ declare | imperative · hiphil | שֻׁדַּד it has been devastated | |||
| שֻׁדַּד it has been devastated | qatal · pual | מוֹאָֽב Moab |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
בְּהִיתוּ מוֹאֲבָאֵי אֲרֵי אִתְּבָרוּ אַיְלִילוּ וּצְוָחוּ חֲווּ בְאַרְנוֹן אֲרֵי אִתְבְּזִיזוּ מוֹאֲבָאֵי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1152.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.20/