Jeremiah 48:28 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: you, dove · What happens: dwell, leave, be, make · To what, where: Moab, cities, rock, nest, sides
This is Jeremiah 48:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, dove — and what happens in the verse to Moab, cities, rock, nest, sides, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
עִזְב֤וּ עָרִים֙ וְשִׁכְנ֣וּ בַּסֶּ֔לַע יֹשְׁבֵ֖י מוֹאָ֑ב וִֽהְי֣וּ כְיוֹנָ֔ה תְּקַנֵּ֖ן בְּעֶבְרֵ֥י פִי־פָֽחַת׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | עִזְב֤וּ | עָזַב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | root | root | abandon |
| 2 | עָרִים֙ | עִיר | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 1 עִזְב֤וּ | obj | cities |
| 3 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 4 שִׁכְנ֣וּ | cc | and |
| 4 | שִׁכְנ֣וּ | שָׁכַן | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 עִזְב֤וּ | conj | dwell |
| 5 | בַּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 7 סֶּ֔לַע | case | among |
| 6 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 7 סֶּ֔לַע | det | the |
| 7 | סֶּ֔לַע | סֶלַע | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 שִׁכְנ֣וּ | obl | rock[s] |
| 8 | יֹשְׁבֵ֖י | יָשַׁב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 1 עִזְב֤וּ | parataxis | O inhabitants |
| 9 | מוֹאָ֑ב | מוֹאָב | PROPN | _ | 8 יֹשְׁבֵ֖י | compound:smixut | of Moab |
| 10 | וִֽ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 13 יוֹנָ֔ה | cc | and |
| 11 | הְי֣וּ | הָיָה | AUX | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | 13 יוֹנָ֔ה | cop | be |
| 12 | כְ | כְּ | ADP | _ | 13 יוֹנָ֔ה | case | like |
| 13 | יוֹנָ֔ה | יוֹנָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 1 עִזְב֤וּ | conj | a dove |
| 14 | תְּקַנֵּ֖ן | קִנֵּן | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3 | 13 יוֹנָ֔ה | acl | [which] it makes a nest |
| 15 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 16 עֶבְרֵ֥י | case | on [the] |
| 16 | עֶבְרֵ֥י | עֵבֶר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 14 תְּקַנֵּ֖ן | obl | sides |
| 17 | פִי־ | פֶּה | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 16 עֶבְרֵ֥י | compound:smixut | of [the] mouth |
| 18 | פָֽחַת | פַּחַת | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 17 פִי־ | compound:smixut | of a pit |
| 19 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 18 פָֽחַת | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| עִזְבוּ abandon | imperative · qal | יֹשְׁבֵי O inhabitants | עָרִים cities | ||
| שִׁכְנוּ dwell | imperative · qal | יֹשְׁבֵי O inhabitants | |||
| הְיוּ be | imperative · qal | יֹשְׁבֵי O inhabitants | |||
| תְּקַנֵּן [which] it makes a nest | yiqtol · piel | יוֹנָה a dove |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
שְׁבָקוּ קִרְוַיָא וּשְׁרוֹ בְכֵיפָא יַתְבֵי מוֹאָב וַהֲווֹ כְיוֹנָה דְשַׁבְקָא פוּם שׁוֹבְכָא וְנָחֲתָא וְשַׁרְיָא בְּאַרְעִית גוּבָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1160.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.28/