Jeremiah 48:8 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: spoiler, city, valley, LORD · What happens: come, escape, perish, destroy, speak · To what, where: city, plain · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 48:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — spoiler, city, valley, LORD — and what happens in the verse to city, plain, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְיָבֹ֨א שֹׁדֵ֜ד אֶל־כָּל־עִ֗יר וְעִיר֙ לֹ֣א תִמָּלֵ֔ט וְאָבַ֥ד הָעֵ֖מֶק וְנִשְׁמַ֣ד הַמִּישֹׁ֑ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃

And the spoiler shall come upon every city, and no city shall escape; the valley also shall perish, and the plain shall be destroyed; as the LORD hath spoken.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָבֹ֨א	cc	and
2	יָבֹ֨א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he will come
3	שֹׁדֵ֜ד	שָׁדַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יָבֹ֨א	nsubj	a destroyer
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 כָּל־	case	to
5	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יָבֹ֨א	obl	every
6	עִ֗יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 כָּל־	compound:smixut	city
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 תִמָּלֵ֔ט	cc	and
8	עִיר֙	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 תִמָּלֵ֔ט	nsubj	a city
9	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	10 תִמָּלֵ֔ט	advmod	not
10	תִמָּלֵ֔ט	מָלַט	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָבֹ֨א	conj	it will escape
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 אָבַ֥ד	cc	and
12	אָבַ֥ד	אָבַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָבֹ֨א	conj	it will be destroyed
13	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 עֵ֖מֶק	det	the
14	עֵ֖מֶק	עֵמֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 אָבַ֥ד	nsubj	valley
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 נִשְׁמַ֣ד	cc	and
16	נִשְׁמַ֣ד	שָׁמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	12 אָבַ֥ד	conj	it will be destroyed
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 מִּישֹׁ֑ר	det	the
18	מִּישֹׁ֑ר	מִישׁוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 נִשְׁמַ֣ד	nsubj	plain
19	אֲשֶׁ֖ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	20 אָמַ֥ר	mark	which
20	אָמַ֥ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	12 אָבַ֥ד	parataxis	he has spoken
21	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	20 אָמַ֥ר	nsubj	Yahweh
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָבֹא he will come	yiqtol · qal	שֹׁדֵד a destroyer
not תִמָּלֵט it will escape	yiqtol · niphal	עִיר a city
אָבַד it will be destroyed	weqatal · qal	עֵמֶק valley
נִשְׁמַד it will be destroyed	weqatal · niphal		מִּישֹׁר plain
אָמַר he has spoken	qatal · qal	יְהוָֽה Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיֵיתוּן בָּזוֹזִין עַל כָּל קִרְוֵיהוֹן וְקִרְוָא מִנְהוֹן לָא תִשְׁתֵּיזִיב וְיֵיבְדוּן דְיָתְבִין בְּעוּמָקָא וְיִשְׁתֵּיצוּן דְשָׁרָן בְּמֵישְׁרָא דַאֲמַר יְיָ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the spoiler shall come upon every city, and no city shall escape; the valley also shall perish, and the plain shall be destroyed; as the LORD hath spoken.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1140.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.8/