Jeremiah 51:51 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: We, confusion, strangers · What happens: be, hear, cover, come · To what, where: reproach, faces, sanctuaries
This is Jeremiah 51:51 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — We, confusion, strangers — and what happens in the verse to reproach, faces, sanctuaries, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
בֹּ֚שְׁנוּ כִּֽי־שָׁמַ֣עְנוּ חֶרְפָּ֔ה כִּסְּתָ֥ה כְלִמָּ֖ה פָּנֵ֑ינוּ כִּ֚י בָּ֣אוּ זָרִ֔ים עַֽל־מִקְדְּשֵׁ֖י בֵּ֥ית יְהוָֽה׃ס
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | בֹּ֚שְׁנוּ | בּוֹשׁ | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1 | root | root | we are ashamed |
| 2 | כִּֽי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 3 שָׁמַ֣עְנוּ | mark | (dm) |
| 3 | שָׁמַ֣עְנוּ | שָׁמַע | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1 | 1 בֹּ֚שְׁנוּ | advcl | we have heard |
| 4 | חֶרְפָּ֔ה | חֶרְפָּה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 3 שָׁמַ֣עְנוּ | obj | scorn |
| 5 | כִּסְּתָ֥ה | כָּסָה | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 בֹּ֚שְׁנוּ | parataxis | it has covered |
| 6 | כְלִמָּ֖ה | כְּלִמָּה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 5 כִּסְּתָ֥ה | nsubj | ignominy |
| 7 | פָּנֵ֑י | פָּנֶה | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 כִּסְּתָ֥ה | obj | faces |
| 8 | נוּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 פָּנֵ֑י | nmod:poss | our |
| 9 | כִּ֚י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 10 בָּ֣אוּ | mark | (dm) |
| 10 | בָּ֣אוּ | בּוֹא | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 1 בֹּ֚שְׁנוּ | advcl | they have gone |
| 11 | זָרִ֔ים | זָר | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 10 בָּ֣אוּ | nsubj | strangers |
| 12 | עַֽל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 13 מִקְדְּשֵׁ֖י | case | to |
| 13 | מִקְדְּשֵׁ֖י | מִקְדָּשׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 10 בָּ֣אוּ | obl | the holy places |
| 14 | בֵּ֥ית | בַּיִת | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 מִקְדְּשֵׁ֖י | compound:smixut | of the house |
| 15 | יְהוָֽה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 14 בֵּ֥ית | compound:smixut | of Yahweh |
| 16 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 15 יְהוָֽה | punct | |
| 17 | ס | ס | PUNCT | _ | 15 יְהוָֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| בֹּשְׁנוּ we are ashamed | qatal · qal | ||||
| שָׁמַעְנוּ we have heard | qatal · qal | חֶרְפָּה scorn | |||
| כִּסְּתָה it has covered | qatal · piel | כְלִמָּה ignominy | פָּנֵי faces | ||
| בָּאוּ they have gone | qatal · qal | זָרִים strangers |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
בְּהִיתְנָא אֲרֵי שְׁמַעְנָא חִסוּדִין חֲפַת אִתְכְּנָעוּתָא אַפָּנָא אֲרֵי עָלוּ נוּכְרָאִין וּסְאִיבוּ יַת בֵּית מַקְדָשָׁא דַיָי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1315.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.51/