Jeremiah 9:14 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: LORD, I · What happens: say, feed, give, drink · To what, where: hosts, water · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Jeremiah 9:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I — and what happens in the verse to hosts, water, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִנְנִ֧י מַאֲכִילָ֛ם אֶת־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה לַֽעֲנָ֑ה וְהִשְׁקִיתִ֖ים מֵי־רֹֽאשׁ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | לָ | לָכֵן | ADP | _ | 2 כֵ֗ן | case | therefore |
| 2 | כֵ֗ן | כֵּן | ADV | _ | root | root | |
| 3 | כֹּֽה־ | כֹּה | ADV | _ | 4 אָמַ֞ר | advmod | thus |
| 4 | אָמַ֞ר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 כֵ֗ן | parataxis | he says |
| 5 | יְהוָ֤ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 4 אָמַ֞ר | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 6 | צְבָאוֹת֙ | צָבָא | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 יְהוָ֤ה | compound:smixut | of hosts |
| 7 | אֱלֹהֵ֣י | אֱלֹהִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 5 יְהוָ֤ה | appos | the God |
| 8 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 7 אֱלֹהֵ֣י | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 9 | הִנ | הִנֵּה | INTJ | _ | 11 מַאֲכִיל | nsubj | here |
| 10 | ְנִ֧י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 הִנ | nsubj | I |
| 11 | מַאֲכִיל | אָכַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing | 4 אָמַ֞ר | ccomp | [am] about |
| 12 | ָ֛ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 מַאֲכִיל | obj | to feed them |
| 13 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 15 עָ֥ם | case | (et) |
| 14 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 15 עָ֥ם | det | the |
| 15 | עָ֥ם | עַם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 12 ָ֛ם | appos | people |
| 16 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 17 זֶּ֖ה | det | (the) |
| 17 | זֶּ֖ה | זֶה | DET | Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 15 עָ֥ם | det | this |
| 18 | לַֽעֲנָ֑ה | לַעֲנָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 11 מַאֲכִיל | xcomp | wormwood |
| 19 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 20 הִשְׁקִיתִ֖י | cc | and |
| 20 | הִשְׁקִיתִ֖י | שָׁקָה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1 | 11 מַאֲכִיל | conj | I |
| 21 | ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 הִשְׁקִיתִ֖י | obj | will give them to drink |
| 22 | מֵי־ | מַיִם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 20 הִשְׁקִיתִ֖י | xcomp | water |
| 23 | רֹֽאשׁ | רֹאשׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 22 מֵי־ | compound:smixut | of poison |
| 24 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 23 רֹֽאשׁ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אָמַר he says | qatal · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | |||
| מַאֲכִיל [am] about | participle active · hiphil | ָם to feed them | לַֽעֲנָה wormwood | ְנִי I | |
| הִשְׁקִיתִי I | weqatal · hiphil | ם will give them to drink | מֵי־ water | יְהוָה Yahweh |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
בְּכֵן כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת אֱלָהָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל הָא אֲנָא מַיְתֵי עָקָא עַל עַמָא הָדֵין מְרַר כְּגִידִין וְאַשְׁקִינוּן כָּס דִלְוָט בְּרֵישֵׁי חִיוְיָן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:243.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.14/