Joel 1:5 יוֹאֵל
Who acts: you · What happens: awake, weep, wail, cut off · To what, where: caterpiller, mouth
This is Joel 1:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you — and what happens in the verse to caterpiller, mouth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Joel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
הָקִ֤יצוּ שִׁכּוֹרִים֙ וּבְכ֔וּ וְהֵילִ֖לוּ כָּל־שֹׁ֣תֵי יָ֑יִן עַל־עָסִ֕יס כִּ֥י נִכְרַ֖ת מִפִּיכֶֽם׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | הָקִ֤יצוּ | קִיץ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2 | root | root | awake |
| 2 | שִׁכּוֹרִים֙ | שִׁכֹּור | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 1 הָקִ֤יצוּ | parataxis | O drunkards |
| 3 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 4 בְכ֔וּ | cc | and |
| 4 | בְכ֔וּ | בָּכָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 הָקִ֤יצוּ | conj | weep |
| 5 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 6 הֵילִ֖לוּ | cc | and |
| 6 | הֵילִ֖לוּ | יָלַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 הָקִ֤יצוּ | conj | wail |
| 7 | כָּל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 הֵילִ֖לוּ | dislocated | O all |
| 8 | שֹׁ֣תֵי | שָׁתָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 7 כָּל־ | compound:smixut | [you who] drink |
| 9 | יָ֑יִן | יַיִן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 8 שֹׁ֣תֵי | compound:smixut | (of) wine |
| 10 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 11 עָסִ֕יס | case | on |
| 11 | עָסִ֕יס | עָסִיס | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 הֵילִ֖לוּ | obl | sweet wine |
| 12 | כִּ֥י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 13 נִכְרַ֖ת | mark | (dm) |
| 13 | נִכְרַ֖ת | כָּרַת | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 הָקִ֤יצוּ | advcl | it has been cut off |
| 14 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 15 פִּי | case | from |
| 15 | פִּי | פֶּה | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 נִכְרַ֖ת | obl | mouth |
| 16 | כֶֽם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 פִּי | nmod:poss | your |
| 17 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 16 כֶֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- speech with no frame
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| הָקִיצוּ awake | imperative · hiphil | שִׁכּוֹרִים O drunkards | |||
| בְכוּ weep | imperative · qal | שִׁכּוֹרִים O drunkards | |||
| הֵילִלוּ wail | imperative · hiphil | שֹׁתֵי [you who] drink | |||
| שֹׁתֵי [you who] drink | participle active · qal | יָיִן (of) wine | |||
| נִכְרַת it has been cut off | qatal · niphal | עָסִיס sweet wine |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אִתְעָרוּ רַוַיָא וּבְכוֹ וְאַיְלִילוּ כָּל שָׁתֵי חֲמַר עַל חֲמַר מְרַת אֲרֵי אִתְמְנַע מִפּוּמְכוֹן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JOL:4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.1.5/