Joel 1:6 יוֹאֵל

Who acts: people, teeth, worm · What happens: come up, be, have · To what, where: land, teeth, jaw teeth

This is Joel 1:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, teeth, worm — and what happens in the verse to land, teeth, jaw teeth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Joel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּֽי־גוֹי֙ עָלָ֣ה עַל־אַרְצִ֔י עָצ֖וּם וְאֵ֣ין מִסְפָּ֑ר שִׁנָּיו֙ שִׁנֵּ֣י אַרְיֵ֔ה וּֽמְתַלְּע֥וֹת לָבִ֖יא לֽוֹ׃

For a people is come up upon my land, mighty, and without number; his teeth are the teeth of a lion, and he hath the jaw-teeth of a lioness.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	3 עָלָ֣ה	mark	(dm)
2	גוֹי֙	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 עָלָ֣ה	nsubj	a nation
3	עָלָ֣ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it has come up
4	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	5 אַרְצ	case	on
5	אַרְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 עָלָ֣ה	obl	land
6	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 אַרְצ	nmod:poss	my
7	עָצ֖וּם	עָצוּם	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 עָלָ֣ה	parataxis	[it is] mighty
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 אֵ֣ין	cc	and
9	אֵ֣ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	7 עָצ֖וּם	conj	there [is] not
10	מִסְפָּ֑ר	מִסְפָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 אֵ֣ין	nsubj	number
11	שִׁנָּי	שֵׁן	NOUN	Number=Dual	13 שִׁנֵּ֣י	nsubj	teeth
12	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 שִׁנָּי	nmod:poss	its
13	שִׁנֵּ֣י	שֵׁן	NOUN	Number=Dual	3 עָלָ֣ה	parataxis	[are the] teeth
14	אַרְיֵ֔ה	אַרְיֵה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 שִׁנֵּ֣י	compound:smixut	of a lion
15	וּֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 ֽוֹ	cc	and
16	מְתַלְּע֥וֹת	מְתַלְּעוֹת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	19 ֽוֹ	nsubj	the fangs
17	לָבִ֖יא	לָבִיא	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 מְתַלְּע֥וֹת	compound:smixut	of a lion
18	ל	לְ	ADP	_	19 ֽוֹ	case	[belong] to
19	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 עָלָ֣ה	conj	it
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
עָלָה it has come up	qatal · qal	גוֹי a nation

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲרֵי עַמָא סְלִיק עַל אַרְעִי תַקִיף וְלֵית מִנְיָן שִׁנוֹהִי שִׁנֵי אַרְיָא וְנִבוֹהִי כְּבַר אַרְיְוָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For a people is come up upon my land, mighty, and without number; his teeth are the teeth of a lion, and he hath the jaw-teeth of a lioness.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOL:5.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.1.6/