Joel 2:25 יוֹאֵל

Who acts: I, locust · What happens: restore, eat, send · To what, where: you, years, great army

This is Joel 2:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, locust — and what happens in the verse to you, years, great army, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Joel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְשִׁלַּמְתִּ֤י לָכֶם֙ אֶת־הַשָּׁנִ֔ים אֲשֶׁר֙ אָכַ֣ל הָֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה הַיֶּ֖לֶק וְהֶחָסִ֣יל וְהַגָּזָ֑ם חֵילִי֙ הַגָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר שִׁלַּ֖חְתִּי בָּכֶֽם׃

And I will restore to you the years that the locust hath eaten, the canker-worm, and the caterpiller, and the palmer-worm, My great army which I sent among you.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 שִׁלַּמְתִּ֤י	cc	and
2	שִׁלַּמְתִּ֤י	שָׁלֵם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I will restore
3	ל	לְ	ADP	_	4 ָכֶם֙	case	to
4	ָכֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 שִׁלַּמְתִּ֤י	obl	you
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	7 שָּׁנִ֔ים	case	(et)
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 שָּׁנִ֔ים	det	the
7	שָּׁנִ֔ים	שָׁנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	2 שִׁלַּמְתִּ֤י	obj	years
8	אֲשֶׁר֙	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	9 אָכַ֣ל	mark	which
9	אָכַ֣ל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 שָּׁנִ֔ים	acl:relcl	it has eaten
10	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 אַרְבֶּ֔ה	det	the
11	אַרְבֶּ֔ה	אַרְבֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 אָכַ֣ל	nsubj	locust[s]
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 יֶּ֖לֶק	det	the
13	יֶּ֖לֶק	יֶלֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 אַרְבֶּ֔ה	conj	locust[s]
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 חָסִ֣יל	cc	and
15	הֶ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 חָסִ֣יל	det	the
16	חָסִ֣יל	חָסִיל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 אַרְבֶּ֔ה	conj	locust[s]
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 גָּזָ֑ם	cc	and
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 גָּזָ֑ם	det	the
19	גָּזָ֑ם	גָּזָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 אַרְבֶּ֔ה	conj	locust[s]
20	חֵיל	חַיִל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 אַרְבֶּ֔ה	appos	army
21	ִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 חֵיל	nmod:poss	my
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 גָּד֔וֹל	det	(the)
23	גָּד֔וֹל	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 חֵיל	amod	great
24	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	25 שִׁלַּ֖חְתִּי	mark	which
25	שִׁלַּ֖חְתִּי	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1	20 חֵיל	acl:relcl	I sent
26	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	27 ָכֶֽם	case	among
27	ָכֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	25 שִׁלַּ֖חְתִּי	obl	you
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 ָכֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שִׁלַּמְתִּי I will restore	weqatal · piel		שָּׁנִים years
אָכַל it has eaten	qatal · qal	אַרְבֶּה locust[s] + יֶּלֶק locust[s] + חָסִיל locust[s] + גָּזָם locust[s]
שִׁלַּחְתִּי I sent	qatal · piel		חֵיל army

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲשַׁלֵם לְכוֹן שְׁנַיָא טָבָתָא חֲלַף שְׁנַיָא דְבָזוּ יַתְכוֹן פַּלְחֵי כּוֹכְבַיָא אוּמַיָא וְלִישָׁנַיָא וְשִׁלְטוֹנַיָא וּמַלְכוּתָא פּוּרְעֲנוּת חֵילֵי רַבָּא דִשְׁלַחֵית בְּכוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And I will restore to you the years that the locust hath eaten, the canker-worm, and the caterpiller, and the palmer-worm, My great army which I sent among you.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOL:44.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.25/