Jonah 1:5 יוֹנָה

Who acts: mariners, wares, Jonah · What happens: be, cry, cast, lighten, go down, lie · To what, where: man, wares, sea, ship, innermost parts

This is Jonah 1:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — mariners, wares, Jonah — and what happens in the verse to man, wares, sea, ship, innermost parts, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Jonah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּֽירְא֣וּ הַמַּלָּחִ֗ים וַֽיִּזְעֲקוּ֮ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אֱלֹהָיו֒ וַיָּטִ֨לוּ אֶת־הַכֵּלִ֜ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר בָּֽאֳנִיָּה֙ אֶל־הַיָּ֔ם לְהָקֵ֖ל מֵֽעֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְיוֹנָ֗ה יָרַד֙ אֶל־יַרְכְּתֵ֣י הַסְּפִינָ֔ה וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב וַיֵּרָדַֽם׃

And the mariners were afraid, and cried every man unto his god; and they cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it unto them. But Jonah was gone down into the innermost parts of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּֽירְא֣וּ	cc	and
2	יִּֽירְא֣וּ	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they were afraid
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 מַּלָּחִ֗ים	det	the
4	מַּלָּחִ֗ים	מַלָּח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּֽירְא֣וּ	nsubj	mariners
5	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יִּזְעֲקוּ֮	cc	and
6	יִּזְעֲקוּ֮	זָעַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּֽירְא֣וּ	conj	they cried for help
7	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 יִּזְעֲקוּ֮	obl	each
8	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	9 אֱלֹהָי	case	to
9	אֱלֹהָי	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 יִּזְעֲקוּ֮	obl	gods
10	ו֒	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 אֱלֹהָי	nmod:poss	his
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יָּטִ֨לוּ	cc	and
12	יָּטִ֨לוּ	טוּל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּֽירְא֣וּ	conj	they hurled
13	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	15 כֵּלִ֜ים	case	(et)
14	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 כֵּלִ֜ים	det	the
15	כֵּלִ֜ים	כְּלִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 יָּטִ֨לוּ	obj	vessels
16	אֲשֶׁ֤ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	19 אֳנִיָּה֙	mark	which
17	בָּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 אֳנִיָּה֙	case	[were] in
18	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 אֳנִיָּה֙	det	the
19	אֳנִיָּה֙	אֳנִיָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 כֵּלִ֜ים	acl:relcl	ship
20	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	22 יָּ֔ם	case	into
21	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 יָּ֔ם	det	the
22	יָּ֔ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 יָּטִ֨לוּ	obl	sea
23	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	24 הָקֵ֖ל	case	to
24	הָקֵ֖ל	קָלַל	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	12 יָּטִ֨לוּ	advcl	lighten
25	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	27 הֶ֑ם	case	from
26	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	27 הֶ֑ם	case	on
27	הֶ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 הָקֵ֖ל	obl	them
28	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 יָרַד֙	cc	and
29	יוֹנָ֗ה	יוֹנָה	PROPN	_	30 יָרַד֙	nsubj	Jonah
30	יָרַד֙	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּֽירְא֣וּ	conj	he had gone down
31	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	32 יַרְכְּתֵ֣י	case	into
32	יַרְכְּתֵ֣י	יַרְכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	30 יָרַד֙	obl	the innermost parts
33	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	34 סְּפִינָ֔ה	det	of
34	סְּפִינָ֔ה	סְפִינָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	32 יַרְכְּתֵ֣י	compound:smixut	the ship
35	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	36 יִּשְׁכַּ֖ב	cc	and
36	יִּשְׁכַּ֖ב	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּֽירְא֣וּ	conj	he had lain down
37	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	38 יֵּרָדַֽם	cc	and
38	יֵּרָדַֽם	רָדַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּֽירְא֣וּ	conj	he had fallen asleep
39	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	38 יֵּרָדַֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּֽירְאוּ they were afraid	wayyiqtol · qal	מַּלָּחִים mariners
יִּזְעֲקוּ they cried for help	wayyiqtol · qal	מַּלָּחִים mariners
יָּטִלוּ they hurled	wayyiqtol · hiphil	כֵּלִים vessels	מַּלָּחִים mariners
הָקֵל lighten	infinitive construct · hiphil	מַּלָּחִים mariners
יָרַד he had gone down	qatal · qal	יוֹנָה Jonah
יִּשְׁכַּב he had lain down	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹנָה Jonah
יֵּרָדַֽם he had fallen asleep	wayyiqtol · niphal	יוֹנָה Jonah

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּדְחִילוּ סַפְנַיָא וּבְעוֹ גְבַר מִן דְחַלְתֵּיהּ וַחֲזוֹ אֲרֵי לֵית בְּהוֹן צְרוֹךְ וּרְמוֹ יַת מָנַיָא דִבְאִילְפָא לְיַמָא לְאַקָלָא מִנְהוֹן וְיוֹנָה נְחֵית לְאַרְעִית שִׁדָא דְאִילְפָא וּשְׁכִיב וּדְמוּךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JON:4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.1.5/