1 Kings 13:2 · JPS 1917
And he cried against the altar by the word of the LORD, and said: 'O altar, altar, thus saith the LORD: Behold, a son shall be born unto the house of David, Josiah by name; and upon thee shall he sacrifice the priests of the high places that offer upon thee, and men's bones shall they burn upon thee.'
Who acts: Jeroboam, LORD, high places, bones · What happens: cry, say, bear, sacrifice, offer, burn · To what, where: altar, son, priests, bones, LORD · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Kings 13:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jeroboam, LORD, high places, bones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 cried | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 cried | nsubj |
| 3 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | against | against | ADP | _ | 6 altar | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 altar | det |
| 6 | altar | altar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cried | obl |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 word | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 word | det |
| 9 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cried | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 LORD | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 LORD | det |
| 12 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 word | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 said | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 said | cc |
| 15 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 cried | conj |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 24 saith | punct |
| 17 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 24 saith | punct |
| 18 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 19 altar | discourse |
| 19 | altar | altar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 saith | vocative |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 altar | punct |
| 21 | altar | altar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 saith | vocative |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 saith | punct |
| 23 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 24 saith | advmod |
| 24 | saith | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 said | ccomp |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 LORD | det |
| 26 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 saith | nsubj |
| 27 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 34 born | punct |
| 28 | Behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 34 born | discourse |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Behold | punct |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 son | det |
| 31 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 born | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 born | aux |
| 33 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 34 born | aux:pass |
| 34 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 saith | parataxis |
| 35 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 37 house | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 house | det |
| 37 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 born | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 David | case |
| 39 | David | David | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 house | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 Josiah | punct |
| 41 | Josiah | Josiah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 son | appos |
| 42 | by | by | ADP | _ | 43 name | case |
| 43 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 Josiah | nmod |
| 44 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 50 sacrifice | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 sacrifice | cc |
| 46 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 47 thee | case |
| 47 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 50 sacrifice | obl |
| 48 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 50 sacrifice | aux |
| 49 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 sacrifice | nsubj |
| 50 | sacrifice | sacrifice | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 born | conj |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 priests | det |
| 52 | priests | priest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 sacrifice | obj |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 56 places | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 places | det |
| 55 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 56 places | amod |
| 56 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 priests | nmod |
| 57 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 58 offer | nsubj |
| 58 | offer | offer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 56 places | acl:relcl |
| 59 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 60 thee | case |
| 60 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 58 offer | obl |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 burn | punct |
| 62 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 68 burn | cc |
| 63 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 65 bones | nmod:poss |
| 64 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 63 men | case |
| 65 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 68 burn | obj |
| 66 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 68 burn | aux |
| 67 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 68 burn | nsubj |
| 68 | burn | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 50 sacrifice | conj |
| 69 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 70 thee | case |
| 70 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 68 burn | obl |
| 71 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 saith | punct |
| 72 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 24 saith | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed polarity=neg
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cry speech: express | past | Jeroboam | the altar | by the word of the LORD | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against altar=Location | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Jeroboam not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | present | the LORD | altar vocative; altar vocative; thus property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | bear | shall · passive | a son | unto the house of David | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 5 | sacrifice | shall | Jeroboam | the priests of the high places | upon thee | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent priest=Theme | |||
| 6 | offer | present | the high places | upon thee | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | burn | shall | bones = bone | men's bones | upon thee | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bone=Theme | |||
| 8 | word | the LORD | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּקְרָ֤א עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ בִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ מִזְבֵּ֣חַ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה הִנֵּֽה־בֵ֞ן נוֹלָ֤ד לְבֵית־דָּוִד֙ יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ שְׁמ֔וֹ וְזָבַ֣ח עָלֶ֗יךָ אֶת־כֹּהֲנֵ֤י הַבָּמוֹת֙ הַמַּקְטִרִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יךָ וְעַצְמ֥וֹת אָדָ֖ם יִשְׂרְפ֥וּ עָלֶֽיךָ׃
1 Kings 13:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1KI:487 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.487/