1 Samuel 25:28 · JPS 1917
Forgive, I pray thee, the trespass of thy handmaid; for the LORD will certainly make my lord a sure house, because my lord fighteth the battles of the LORD; and evil is not found in thee all thy days.
Who acts: you, I, LORD, handmaid · What happens: forgive, pray, make, fight, not find, trespass · To what, where: trespass, thee, lord, battles, evil
This is 1 Samuel 25:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, I, LORD, handmaid), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Forgive | forgive | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Forgive | punct |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 pray | nsubj |
| 4 | pray | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Forgive | parataxis |
| 5 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 pray | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 pray | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 trespass | det |
| 8 | trespass | trespass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Forgive | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 handmaid | case |
| 10 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 11 handmaid | nmod:poss |
| 11 | handmaid | handmaid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 trespass | nmod |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 make | punct |
| 13 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 18 make | mark |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 LORD | det |
| 15 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 make | nsubj |
| 16 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 make | aux |
| 17 | certainly | certainly | ADV | _ | 18 make | advmod |
| 18 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Forgive | advcl |
| 19 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 lord | nmod:poss |
| 20 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 make | obj |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 house | det |
| 22 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 house | amod |
| 23 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 make | xcomp |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 fighteth | punct |
| 25 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 28 fighteth | mark |
| 26 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 lord | nmod:poss |
| 27 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 fighteth | nsubj |
| 28 | fighteth | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 make | advcl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 battles | det |
| 30 | battles | battle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 fighteth | obj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 LORD | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 LORD | det |
| 33 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 battles | nmod |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 found | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 found | cc |
| 36 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 found | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 found | aux:pass |
| 38 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 found | advmod |
| 39 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Forgive | conj |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 thee | case |
| 41 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 39 found | obl |
| 42 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 44 days | det:predet |
| 43 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 44 days | nmod:poss |
| 44 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 found | obl:unmarked |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Forgive | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | forgive | imperative | you not said here | the trespass of thy handmaid | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trespass=Theme | ||||
| 2 | pray | present | I | thee | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | make | future | the LORD | my lord | certainly property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lord=Product | |||
| 4 | fight | present | my lord | the battles of the LORD | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Co-Agent | ||||
| 5 | not find | present · passive | evil | thee | day | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||
| 6 | trespass | thy handmaid | nom trespass «act intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 7 | battle | the LORD | nom battle «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
שָׂ֥א נָ֖א לְפֶ֣שַׁע אֲמָתֶ֑ךָ כִּ֣י עָשֹֽׂה־יַעֲשֶׂה֩ יְהוָ֨ה לַֽאדֹנִ֜י בַּ֣יִת נֶאֱמָ֗ן כִּי־מִלְחֲמ֤וֹת יְהוָה֙ אֲדֹנִ֣י נִלְחָ֔ם וְרָעָ֛ה לֹא־תִמָּצֵ֥א בְךָ֖ מִיָּמֶֽיךָ׃
1 Samuel 25:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:749 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.749/