2 Samuel 10:16 · JPS 1917
And Hadadezer sent, and brought out the Arameans that were beyond the River; and they came to Helam, with Shobach the captain of the host of Hadadezer at their head.
Who acts: Hadadezer, Arameans · What happens: send, bring out, be, come · To what, where: Arameans, Helam
This is 2 Samuel 10:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hadadezer, Arameans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 sent | cc |
| 2 | Hadadezer | Hadadezer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 sent | nsubj |
| 3 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 brought | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 brought | cc |
| 6 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sent | conj |
| 7 | out | out | ADP | _ | 6 brought | compound:prt |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Arameans | det |
| 9 | Arameans | aramean | PROPN | Number=Plur | 6 brought | obj |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 River | nsubj |
| 11 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 River | cop |
| 12 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 14 River | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 River | det |
| 14 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Arameans | acl:relcl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 came | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 came | cc |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 came | nsubj |
| 18 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sent | conj |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 Helam | case |
| 20 | Helam | Helam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 came | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Shobach | punct |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 Shobach | case |
| 23 | Shobach | Shobach | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 came | obl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 captain | det |
| 25 | captain | captain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 Shobach | appos |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 host | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 host | det |
| 28 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 captain | nmod |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 Hadadezer | case |
| 30 | Hadadezer | Hadadezer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 host | nmod |
| 31 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 head | case |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 head | nmod:poss |
| 33 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 Shobach | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | past | Hadadezer | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | bring out | past | Hadadezer not said here | the Arameans | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent aramean=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is | past | the Arameans | beyond the River | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | come | past | Arameans = aramean | Helam | with Shobach at Arameans's head | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to helam=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר וַיֹּצֵ֤א אֶת־אֲרָם֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ מֵעֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֔ר וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ חֵילָ֑ם וְשׁוֹבַ֛ךְ שַׂר־צְבָ֥א הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃
2 Samuel 10:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:262 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.262/