2 Samuel 1:23 · JPS 1917

Saul and Jonathan, the lovely and the pleasant in their lives, even in their death they were not divided; they were swifter than eagles, they were stronger than lions.

Who acts: shield · What happens: not divide, be, die · To what, where: Saul, death

This is 2 Samuel 1:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shield), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Saul	Saul	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 divided	nsubj:pass
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 Jonathan	cc
3	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Saul	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 lovely	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 lovely	det
6	lovely	lovely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Saul	appos
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 pleasant	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 pleasant	det
9	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lovely	conj
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 lives	case
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 lives	nmod:poss
12	lives	life	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 pleasant	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 death	punct
14	even	even	ADV	_	17 death	advmod
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 death	case
16	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 death	nmod:poss
17	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 divided	obl
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 divided	nsubj:pass
19	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 divided	aux:pass
20	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	21 divided	advmod
21	divided	divide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 swifter	punct
23	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 swifter	nsubj
24	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	25 swifter	cop
25	swifter	swift	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	21 divided	parataxis
26	than	than	ADP	_	27 eagles	case
27	eagles	eagle	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 swifter	obl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 stronger	punct
29	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 stronger	nsubj
30	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 stronger	cop
31	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	25 swifter	parataxis
32	than	than	ADP	_	33 lions	case
33	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 stronger	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	21 divided	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: pos
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	not divide	past · passive		Saul and Jonathan	shield's death		vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	past	shield			than eagles; swift property	tree rules
3	is	past	shield			than lions; strong property	tree rules
4	die		shield				nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

שָׁא֣וּל וִיהוֹנָתָ֗ן הַנֶּאֱהָבִ֤ים וְהַנְּעִימִם֙ בְּחַיֵּיהֶ֔ם וּבְמוֹתָ֖ם לֹ֣א נִפְרָ֑דוּ מִנְּשָׁרִ֣ים קַ֔לּוּ מֵאֲרָי֖וֹת גָּבֵֽרוּ׃

2 Samuel 1:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:27 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.27/