2 Samuel 18:28 · JPS 1917
And Ahimaaz called, and said unto the king: 'All is well.' And he bowed down before the king with his face to the earth, and said: 'Blessed be the LORD thy God, who hath delivered up the men that lifted up their hand against my lord the king.'
Who acts: Ahimaaz, All, king, LORD, men · What happens: call, say, be, bow down, bless, deliver up · To what, where: LORD, men, hand · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 18:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ahimaaz, All, king, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 called | cc |
| 2 | Ahimaaz | Ahimaaz | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 called | nsubj |
| 3 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 said | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 said | cc |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 called | conj |
| 7 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 9 king | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 king | det |
| 9 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 said | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 well | punct |
| 11 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 well | punct |
| 12 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 well | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 well | cop |
| 14 | well | well | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 said | ccomp |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 well | punct |
| 16 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 well | punct |
| 17 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 bowed | cc |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 bowed | nsubj |
| 19 | bowed | bow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 called | conj |
| 20 | down | down | ADV | _ | 19 bowed | advmod |
| 21 | before | before | ADP | _ | 23 king | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 king | det |
| 23 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 bowed | obl |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 face | case |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 face | nmod:poss |
| 26 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 bowed | obl |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 earth | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 earth | det |
| 29 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 face | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 said | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 said | cc |
| 32 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 bowed | conj |
| 33 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 35 Blessed | punct |
| 34 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 35 Blessed | punct |
| 35 | Blessed | bless | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 said | ccomp |
| 36 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 35 Blessed | aux:pass |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 LORD | det |
| 38 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Blessed | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 40 God | nmod:poss |
| 40 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 LORD | appos |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 delivered | punct |
| 42 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 44 delivered | nsubj |
| 43 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 delivered | aux |
| 44 | delivered | deliver | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 LORD | acl:relcl |
| 45 | up | up | ADP | _ | 44 delivered | compound:prt |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 men | det |
| 47 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 delivered | obj |
| 48 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 49 lifted | nsubj |
| 49 | lifted | lift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 men | acl:relcl |
| 50 | up | up | ADP | _ | 49 lifted | compound:prt |
| 51 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 52 hand | nmod:poss |
| 52 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 lifted | obj |
| 53 | against | against | ADP | _ | 55 lord | case |
| 54 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 55 lord | nmod:poss |
| 55 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 lifted | obl |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 king | det |
| 57 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 lord | appos |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 32 said | punct |
| 59 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 32 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | Ahimaaz | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Ahimaaz not said here | unto the king | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | present | All | well property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | bow down | past | king | before the king | with king's face to the earth; down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before king=Location | |||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | king not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | bless | infinitive · passive | the LORD | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 7 | deliver up | present · perfect | the LORD | the men | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient | ||||
| 8 | lift up | past | the men | tidings's hand | against my lord | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme against lord=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּקְרָ֣א אֲחִימַ֗עַץ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֶל־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ שָׁל֔וֹם וַיִּשְׁתַּ֧חוּ לַמֶּ֛לֶךְ לְאַפָּ֖יו אָ֑רְצָהס וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בָּרוּךְ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֤ר סִגַּר֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־נָשְׂא֥וּ אֶת־יָדָ֖ם בַּֽאדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
2 Samuel 18:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:541 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.541/