Amos 2:4 · JPS 1917

Thus saith the LORD: For three transgressions of Judah, yea, for four, I will not reverse it: because they have rejected the law of the LORD, and have not kept His statutes, and their lies have caused them to err, after which their fathers did walk.

Who acts: LORD, I, transgressions, lies, fathers, Judah · What happens: say, not reverse, reject, not keep, cause, err · To what, where: judge, law, statutes, transgressions · Speech: someone speaks here

This is Amos 2:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I, transgressions, lies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thus	thus	ADV	_	2 saith	advmod
2	saith	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 LORD	det
4	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 saith	nsubj
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 transgressions	punct
6	For	for	ADP	_	8 transgressions	case
7	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 transgressions	nummod
8	transgressions	transgression	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 reverse	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 Judah	case
10	Judah	Judah	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 transgressions	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 yea	punct
12	yea	yea	INTJ	_	20 reverse	discourse
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 four	punct
14	for	for	ADP	_	15 four	case
15	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 reverse	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 four	punct
17	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 reverse	nsubj
18	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 reverse	aux
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	20 reverse	advmod
20	reverse	reverse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 saith	ccomp
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 reverse	obj
22	:	:	PUNCT	_	26 rejected	punct
23	because	because	SCONJ	_	26 rejected	mark
24	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 rejected	nsubj
25	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 rejected	aux
26	rejected	reject	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	20 reverse	advcl
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 law	det
28	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 rejected	obj
29	of	of	ADP	_	31 LORD	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 LORD	det
31	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 law	nmod
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 kept	punct
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 kept	cc
34	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 kept	aux
35	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	36 kept	advmod
36	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	26 rejected	conj
37	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	38 statutes	nmod:poss
38	statutes	statute	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 kept	obj
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 caused	punct
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 caused	cc
41	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	42 lies	nmod:poss
42	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 caused	nsubj
43	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	44 caused	aux
44	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	26 rejected	conj
45	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	44 caused	obj
46	to	to	PART	_	47 err	mark
47	err	err	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	44 caused	xcomp
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 walk	punct
49	after	after	ADP	_	50 which	case
50	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	54 walk	obl
51	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	52 fathers	nmod:poss
52	fathers	father	NOUN	Number=Plur	54 walk	nsubj
53	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	54 walk	aux
54	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	44 caused	advcl:relcl
55	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 saith	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=narrate, voice=character

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	the LORD		thus property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not reverse	future	I	judge	for three transgressions of Judah; for four	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient
3	reject	present · perfect	transgressions = transgression	the law of the LORD		vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Theme
4	not keep	present · perfect	transgressions = transgression not said here	LORD's statutes		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statute=Theme
5	cause	present · perfect	transgressions's lies	transgressions = transgression		tree rules
6	err	to-infinitive	transgressions = transgression not said here			tree rules
7	walk	past · do-support	transgressions's fathers			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
8	transgress		Judah			nom transgression «act intransitive»: of=agent
9	lie		transgressions = transgression			nom lie «communication intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַֽל־מָאֳסָ֞ם אֶת־תּוֹרַ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה וְחֻקָּיו֙ לֹ֣א שָׁמָ֔רוּ וַיַּתְעוּם֙ כִּזְבֵיהֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־הָלְכ֥וּ אֲבוֹתָ֖ם אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃

Amos 2:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:AMO:18 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.18/