Ezekiel 32:25 · JPS 1917
They have set her a bed in the midst of the slain with all her multitude; her graves are round about them; all of them uncircumcised, slain by the sword; because their terror was caused in the land of the living, yet have they borne their shame with them that go down to the pit; they are put in the midst of them that are slain.
Who acts: graves · What happens: set, be, slay, cause, bear, go down · To what, where: bed, sword, midst, terror, land, shame
This is Ezekiel 32:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (graves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 set | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 set | aux |
| 3 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 set | iobj |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 bed | det |
| 6 | bed | bed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 set | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 midst | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 midst | det |
| 9 | midst | midst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 set | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 slain | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 slain | det |
| 12 | slain | slain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 midst | nmod |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 multitude | case |
| 14 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 multitude | det:predet |
| 15 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 multitude | nmod:poss |
| 16 | multitude | multitude | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 set | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 round | punct |
| 18 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 graves | nmod:poss |
| 19 | graves | grave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 round | nsubj |
| 20 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 round | cop |
| 21 | round | round | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 set | parataxis |
| 22 | about | about | ADP | _ | 23 them | case |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 round | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 uncircumcised | punct |
| 25 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 uncircumcised | nsubj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 them | case |
| 27 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 all | nmod |
| 28 | uncircumcised | uncircumcised | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 set | parataxis |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 slain | punct |
| 30 | slain | slay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 uncircumcised | conj |
| 31 | by | by | ADP | _ | 33 sword | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 sword | det |
| 33 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 slain | obl:agent |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 caused | punct |
| 35 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 39 caused | mark |
| 36 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 terror | nmod:poss |
| 37 | terror | terror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 caused | nsubj:pass |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 caused | aux:pass |
| 39 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 50 borne | advcl |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 land | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 land | det |
| 42 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 caused | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 living | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 living | det |
| 45 | living | living | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 land | nmod |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 borne | punct |
| 47 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 50 borne | cc |
| 48 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 50 borne | aux |
| 49 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 borne | nsubj |
| 50 | borne | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 set | conj |
| 51 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 52 shame | nmod:poss |
| 52 | shame | shame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 borne | obj |
| 53 | with | with | ADP | _ | 54 them | case |
| 54 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 borne | obl |
| 55 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 56 go | nsubj |
| 56 | go | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 54 them | acl:relcl |
| 57 | down | down | ADV | _ | 56 go | advmod |
| 58 | to | to | ADP | _ | 60 pit | case |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 pit | det |
| 60 | pit | pit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 go | obl |
| 61 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 64 put | punct |
| 62 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 64 put | nsubj:pass |
| 63 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 64 put | aux:pass |
| 64 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 set | parataxis |
| 65 | in | in | ADP | _ | 67 midst | case |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 67 midst | det |
| 67 | midst | midst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 put | obl |
| 68 | of | of | ADP | _ | 69 them | case |
| 69 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 67 midst | nmod |
| 70 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 72 slain | nsubj:pass |
| 71 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 72 slain | aux:pass |
| 72 | slain | slain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 them | acl:relcl |
| 73 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 set | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | present · perfect | graves = grave | a bed | sword | the midst of the slain | with sword's multitude | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent she=Theme bed=Destination | |
| 2 | is | present | sword's graves | about parts = part; round property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | slay | participle | graves = grave not said here | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | cause | past · passive | graves's terror | the land of the living | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 5 | bear | present · perfect | graves = grave | graves's shame | with parts = part | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shame=Patient | |||
| 6 | go down | present | to the pit; down property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 7 | put | present · passive | graves = grave | the midst of parts | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in midst=Destination | ||||
| 8 | shame | graves = grave | nom shame «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
בְּת֣וֹךְ חֲ֠לָלִים נָתְנ֨וּ מִשְׁכָּ֥ב לָהּ֙ בְּכָל־הֲמוֹנָ֔הּ סְבִֽיבוֹתָ֖יו קִבְרֹתֶ֑הָ כֻּלָּ֣ם עֲרֵלִ֣ים חַלְלֵי־חֶ֡רֶב כִּֽי־נִתַּ֨ן חִתִּיתָ֜ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חַיִּ֗ים וַיִּשְׂא֤וּ כְלִמָּתָם֙ אֶת־י֣וֹרְדֵי ב֔וֹר בְּת֥וֹךְ חֲלָלִ֖ים נִתָּֽן׃
Ezekiel 32:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EZK:841 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.841/