Habakkuk 1:9 · JPS 1917

They come all of them for violence; their faces are set eagerly as the east wind; and they gather captives as the sand.

Who acts: places · What happens: come, set, gather · To what, where: faces, captives

This is Habakkuk 1:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (places), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 come	nsubj
2	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Tot	2 come	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 them	case
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 all	nmod
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 violence	case
7	violence	violence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 come	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 set	punct
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 faces	nmod:poss
10	faces	face	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 set	nsubj:pass
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 set	aux:pass
12	set	set	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 come	parataxis
13	eagerly	eagerly	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 set	advmod
14	as	as	SCONJ	_	17 wind	mark
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 wind	det
16	east	east	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 wind	amod
17	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 set	obl
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 gather	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 gather	cc
20	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 gather	nsubj
21	gather	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 come	conj
22	captives	captive	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 gather	obj
23	as	as	ADP	_	25 sand	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 sand	det
25	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 gather	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 come	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	come	present	places = place		for violence	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	set	present · passive		places's faces	the east wind obl; eagerly property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result
3	gather	present	places = place	captives	as the sand	vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent captive=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

כֻּלֹּה֙ לְחָמָ֣ס יָב֔וֹא מְגַמַּ֥ת פְּנֵיהֶ֖ם קָדִ֑ימָה וַיֶּאֱסֹ֥ף כַּח֖וֹל שֶֽׁבִי׃

Habakkuk 1:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:HAB:10 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.10/