Habakkuk 1:10 · JPS 1917

And they scoff at kings, and princes are a derision unto them; they deride every stronghold, for they heap up earth, and take it.

Who acts: places, princes · What happens: scoff, be, deride, heap up, take · To what, where: derision, stronghold, earth

This is Habakkuk 1:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (places, princes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 scoff	cc
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 scoff	nsubj
3	scoff	scoff	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 kings	case
5	kings	king	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 scoff	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 derision	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 derision	cc
8	princes	prince	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 derision	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 derision	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 derision	det
11	derision	derision	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 scoff	conj
12	unto	unto	ADP	_	13 them	case
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 derision	nmod
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 deride	punct
15	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 deride	nsubj
16	deride	deride	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 scoff	conj
17	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	18 stronghold	det
18	stronghold	stronghold	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 deride	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 heap	punct
20	for	for	SCONJ	_	22 heap	mark
21	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 heap	nsubj
22	heap	heap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 deride	advcl
23	up	up	ADP	_	22 heap	compound:prt
24	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 heap	obj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 take	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 take	cc
27	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 heap	conj
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 take	obj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 scoff	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	scoff	present	places = place		at kings	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	princes	a derision	unto places = place	tree rules
3	deride	present	places = place	every stronghold		vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stronghold=Theme
4	heap up	present	places = place	earth		vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent earth=Theme
5	take	present	places = place not said here	earth		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וְהוּא֙ בַּמְּלָכִ֣ים יִתְקַלָּ֔ס וְרֹזְנִ֖ים מִשְׂחָ֣ק ל֑וֹ ה֚וּא לְכָל־מִבְצָ֣ר יִשְׂחָ֔ק וַיִּצְבֹּ֥ר עָפָ֖ר וַֽיִּלְכְּדָֽהּ׃

Habakkuk 1:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:HAB:11 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.11/