Isaiah 31:1 · JPS 1917

Woe to them that go down to Egypt for help, and rely on horses, and trust in chariots, because they are many, and in horsemen, because they are exceeding mighty; but they look not unto the Holy One of Israel, neither seek the LORD!

Who acts: Woe, chariots · What happens: go down, rely, trust, be, not look, seek · To what, where: Egypt, chariots, LORD

This is Isaiah 31:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Woe, chariots), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Woe	woe	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	to	to	ADP	_	3 them	case
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Woe	nmod
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 go	nsubj
5	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Woe	acl:relcl
6	down	down	ADV	_	5 go	advmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 Egypt	case
8	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 go	obl
9	for	for	ADP	_	10 help	case
10	help	help	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 go	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 rely	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 rely	cc
13	rely	rely	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 go	conj
14	on	on	ADP	_	15 horses	case
15	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 rely	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 trust	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 trust	cc
18	trust	trust	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 go	conj
19	in	in	ADP	_	20 chariots	case
20	chariots	chariot	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 trust	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 many	punct
22	because	because	SCONJ	_	25 many	mark
23	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 many	nsubj
24	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 many	cop
25	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 trust	advcl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 horsemen	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 horsemen	cc
28	in	in	ADP	_	29 horsemen	case
29	horsemen	horseman	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 chariots	conj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 exceeding	punct
31	because	because	SCONJ	_	34 exceeding	mark
32	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 exceeding	nsubj
33	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 exceeding	cop
34	exceeding	exceed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 horsemen	advcl
35	mighty	mighty	ADV	Degree=Pos	34 exceeding	advmod
36	;	;	PUNCT	_	39 look	punct
37	but	but	CCONJ	_	39 look	cc
38	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	39 look	nsubj
39	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Woe	conj
40	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	39 look	advmod
41	unto	unto	ADP	_	44 One	case
42	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	44 One	det
43	Holy	Holy	PROPN	Number=Sing	44 One	flat
44	One	One	PROPN	Number=Sing	39 look	obl
45	of	of	ADP	_	46 Israel	case
46	Israel	Israel	PROPN	Number=Sing	44 One	nmod
47	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 seek	punct
48	neither	neither	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	49 seek	cc
49	seek	seek	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 look	conj
50	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	51 LORD	det
51	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	49 seek	obj
52	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Woe	punct

Pragmatics

form: exclamation
act: express
voice: narrator
polarity: neg
teacher: changed act=express

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	go down	present	Woe to them		Egypt		for help; down property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	rely	present	Woe to them not said here				on horses	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on horse=Theme
3	trust	present	Woe to them not said here			chariots and horsemen		vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	is	present	chariots = chariot				many property	tree rules
5	is	present	chariots = chariot				exceed, mighty property	tree rules
6	not look	present	chariots = chariot				unto the Holy One of Israel	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
7	seek	present	chariots = chariot not said here	the LORD				vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lord=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

ה֣וֹי הַיֹּרְדִ֤ים מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ לְעֶזְרָ֔ה עַל־סוּסִ֖ים יִשָּׁעֵ֑נוּ וַיִּבְטְח֨וּ עַל־רֶ֜כֶב כִּ֣י רָ֗ב וְעַ֤ל פָּֽרָשִׁים֙ כִּֽי־עָצְמ֣וּ מְאֹ֔ד וְלֹ֤א שָׁעוּ֙ עַל־קְד֣וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאֶת־יְהוָ֖ה לֹ֥א דָרָֽשׁוּ׃

Isaiah 31:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:652 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.652/