Isaiah 31:2 · JPS 1917
Yet He also is wise, and bringeth evil, and doth not call back His words; but will arise against the house of the evil-doers, and against the help of them that work iniquity.
Who acts: Woe, help · What happens: be, bring, not call back, arise, work, word · To what, where: evil, words, house, iniquity, doers
This is Isaiah 31:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Woe, help), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 5 wise | cc |
| 2 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 wise | nsubj |
| 3 | also | also | ADV | _ | 5 wise | advmod |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 wise | cop |
| 5 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 bringeth | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 bringeth | cc |
| 8 | bringeth | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 wise | conj |
| 9 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 bringeth | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 call | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 call | cc |
| 12 | doth | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 call | aux |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 call | advmod |
| 14 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 wise | conj |
| 15 | back | back | ADV | _ | 14 call | advmod |
| 16 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 words | nmod:poss |
| 17 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 call | obj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 arise | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 arise | cc |
| 20 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 arise | aux |
| 21 | arise | arise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 wise | conj |
| 22 | against | against | ADP | _ | 24 house | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 house | det |
| 24 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 arise | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 doers | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 doers | det |
| 27 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 doers | amod |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 evil | punct |
| 29 | doers | doer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 house | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 help | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 help | cc |
| 32 | against | against | ADP | _ | 34 help | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 help | det |
| 34 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 house | conj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 them | case |
| 36 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 help | nmod |
| 37 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 work | nsubj |
| 38 | work | work | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 help | acl:relcl |
| 39 | iniquity | iniquity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 work | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 wise | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert, polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Woe | wise property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | bring | present | Woe not said here | evil | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent evil=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not call back speech: assert | present · do-support | Woe not said here | Woe's words | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent word=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | arise | future | Woe not said here | the house of the evil doers and the help of doers | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against house=Location | ||||
| 5 | work | present | the help of doers | iniquity | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent iniquity=Material | ||||
| 6 | word | Woe | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 7 | help | doers = doer | nom help «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְגַם־ה֤וּא חָכָם֙ וַיָּ֣בֵא רָ֔ע וְאֶת־דְּבָרָ֖יו לֹ֣א הֵסִ֑יר וְקָם֙ עַל־בֵּ֣ית מְרֵעִ֔ים וְעַל־עֶזְרַ֖ת פֹּ֥עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃
Isaiah 31:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:653 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.653/