Jeremiah 44:18 · JPS 1917
But since we let off to offer to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings unto her, we have wanted all things, and have been consumed by the sword and by the famine.
Who acts: we, sword · What happens: let off, offer, pour out, want, consume · To what, where: queen, drink offerings, things
This is Jeremiah 44:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, sword), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 wanted | cc |
| 2 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 4 let | mark |
| 3 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 let | nsubj |
| 4 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 wanted | advcl |
| 5 | off | off | ADP | _ | 4 let | compound:prt |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 offer | mark |
| 7 | offer | offer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 let | xcomp |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 queen | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 queen | det |
| 10 | queen | queen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 offer | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 heaven | case |
| 12 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 queen | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 pour | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 pour | cc |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 pour | mark |
| 16 | pour | pour | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 offer | conj |
| 17 | out | out | ADP | _ | 16 pour | compound:prt |
| 18 | drink | drink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 offerings | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 drink | punct |
| 20 | offerings | offering | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 pour | obj |
| 21 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 22 her | case |
| 22 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 pour | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 wanted | punct |
| 24 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 wanted | nsubj |
| 25 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 wanted | aux |
| 26 | wanted | want | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 27 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 things | det |
| 28 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 wanted | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 consumed | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 consumed | cc |
| 31 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 consumed | aux |
| 32 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 33 consumed | aux:pass |
| 33 | consumed | consume | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 wanted | conj |
| 34 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 sword | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 sword | det |
| 36 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 consumed | obl:agent |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 famine | cc |
| 38 | by | by | ADP | _ | 40 famine | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 famine | det |
| 40 | famine | famine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 sword | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 wanted | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- suggest
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let off | past | we | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | offer | to-infinitive | we not said here | the queen of heaven | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to queen=Goal | ||||
| 3 | pour out | to-infinitive | we not said here | drink offerings | unto word | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent offering=Patient | |||
| 4 | want | present · perfect | we | all things | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot thing=Theme | ||||
| 5 | consume | present · perfect · passive | the sword and the famine | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וּמִן־אָ֡ז חָדַ֜לְנוּ לְקַטֵּ֨ר לִמְלֶ֧כֶת הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם וְהַסֵּֽךְ־לָ֥הּ נְסָכִ֖ים חָסַ֣רְנוּ כֹ֑ל וּבַחֶ֥רֶב וּבָרָעָ֖ב תָּֽמְנוּ׃
Jeremiah 44:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JER:1180 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1180/