Nahum 2:13 · JPS 1917

The lion did tear in pieces enough for his whelps, and strangled for his lionesses, and filled his caves with prey, and his dens with ravin.

Who acts: lion · What happens: tear, strangle, fill · To what, where: pieces, caves

This is Nahum 2:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lion	det
2	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tear	nsubj
3	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 tear	aux
4	tear	tear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 pieces	case
6	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 tear	obl
7	enough	enough	ADV	_	4 tear	advmod
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 whelps	case
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 whelps	nmod:poss
10	whelps	whelp	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 tear	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 strangled	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 strangled	cc
13	strangled	strangle	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 tear	conj
14	for	for	ADP	_	16 lionesses	case
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 lionesses	nmod:poss
16	lionesses	lioness	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 strangled	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 filled	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 filled	cc
19	filled	fill	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 tear	conj
20	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 caves	nmod:poss
21	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 filled	obj
22	with	with	ADP	_	23 prey	case
23	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 filled	obl
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 dens	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 dens	cc
26	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	27 dens	nmod:poss
27	dens	den	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 caves	conj
28	with	with	ADP	_	29 ravin	case
29	ravin	ravin	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 dens	nmod
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 tear	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	tear	past · do-support	the lion		pieces	for lioness's whelps; enough property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in piece=Trajectory
2	strangle	past	the lion not said here			for lioness's lionesses	vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	fill	past	the lion not said here	lioness's caves and lioness's dens with ravin		with prey	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent cave=Patient with prey=Instrument

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

אַרְיֵ֤ה טֹרֵף֙ בְּדֵ֣י גֹֽרוֹתָ֔יו וּמְחַנֵּ֖ק לְלִבְאֹתָ֑יו וַיְמַלֵּא־טֶ֣רֶף חֹרָ֔יו וּמְעֹֽנֹתָ֖יו טְרֵפָֽה׃

Nahum 2:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NAM:31 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/NAM.31/