Test 3 · ★ · Lies that do real harm

Why might people stop believing someone who often raises false alarms?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: people · What happens: stop, believe, raise · To what, where: someone, false alarms

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 197 «Lies that do real harm» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 stop	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 stop	aux
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 stop	nsubj
4	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	believing	believe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 stop	xcomp
6	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 believing	obj
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 raises	nsubj
8	often	often	ADV	_	9 raises	advmod
9	raises	raise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 someone	acl:relcl
10	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 alarms	amod
11	alarms	alarm	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 raises	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 stop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	stop	might	people			vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	believe	gerund	people not said here	someone		vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Stimulus
3	raise	present		false alarms	often property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alarm=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Because false alarms are always much too quiet for people to notice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	8 quiet	mark
2	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 alarms	amod
3	alarms	alarm	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 quiet	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 quiet	cop
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 much	advmod
6	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 quiet	nsubj
7	too	too	ADV	_	8 quiet	advmod
8	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	for	for	SCONJ	_	12 notice	mark
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 notice	nsubj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 notice	mark
12	notice	notice	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 quiet	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	false alarms					quiet property	tree rules
2	notice	to-infinitive	people						vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Because they cannot hear him properly from far away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	5 hear	mark
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 hear	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 hear	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 hear	advmod
5	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 hear	obj
7	properly	properly	ADV	_	5 hear	advmod
8	from	from	ADP	_	9 far	case
9	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 hear	advmod
10	away	away	ADV	_	9 far	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hear	can	they	him = he				far, properly property	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They learn that his alarms are usually not real

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 learn	nsubj
2	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 real	mark
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 alarms	nmod:poss
5	alarms	alarm	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 real	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 real	cop
7	usually	usually	ADV	_	9 real	advmod
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 real	advmod
9	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 learn	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	learn	present	They		vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	not is	present	his alarms	real, usually property	tree rules
3	alarm		his = he		nom alarm «feeling transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

Because people do not like loud children who shout

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	5 like	mark
2	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 like	nsubj
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 like	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 like	advmod
5	like	like	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 children	amod
7	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 like	obj
8	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 shout	nsubj
9	shout	shout	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 children	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not like	present · do-support	people	loud children					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot child=Theme
2	shout speech: express	present	loud children						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/197-harmful-lies/t3/