Exam question 2 · Disappointment, jealousy and embarrassment

Identify the principal reason for which errors made during lessons ought not to occasion shame.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, errors · What happens: identify, make, not occasion · To what, where: principal reason, shame

This is exam question 2 of lesson 92 «Disappointment, jealousy and embarrassment» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 made	obl
7	errors	error	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 made	nsubj
8	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl:relcl
9	during	during	ADP	_	10 lessons	case
10	lessons	lesson	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 made	obl
11	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 occasion	aux
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 occasion	advmod
13	to	to	PART	_	14 occasion	mark
14	occasion	occasion	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 made	conj
15	shame	shame	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 occasion	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	make	past	errors		during lessons	for the principal reason	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent for which=Asset
3	not occasion	ought	errors not said here	shame			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Mistakes are entertaining for the class and should therefore be laughed at

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mistakes	mistake	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 entertaining	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 entertaining	aux
3	entertaining	entertain	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 class	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 class	det
6	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 entertaining	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 laughed	cc
8	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 laughed	aux
9	therefore	therefore	ADV	_	11 laughed	advmod
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 laughed	aux:pass
11	laughed	laugh	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 entertaining	conj
12	at	at	ADP	_	11 laughed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	entertain	present · progressive	Mistakes					for the class	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	laugh	should · passive	Mistakes not said here					therefore property	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»

Option 2

Mistakes are made only by those pupils who have failed to pay sufficient attention

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mistakes	mistake	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 pupils	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 pupils	case
6	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	7 pupils	det
7	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 made	obl
8	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 failed	nsubj
9	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 failed	aux
10	failed	fail	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 pupils	acl:relcl
11	to	to	PART	_	12 pay	mark
12	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 failed	xcomp
13	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 attention	amod
14	attention	attention	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 pay	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	make	present · passive	that pupils	Mistakes	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product
2	fail	present · perfect	that pupils		vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	not pay	to-infinitive	that pupils not said here	sufficient attention	vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Asset

Option 3

Mistakes are recorded permanently, so pupils ought never to attempt any answer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mistakes	mistake	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 recorded	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 recorded	aux:pass
3	recorded	record	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	permanently	permanently	ADV	_	3 recorded	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 attempt	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	11 attempt	advmod
7	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 attempt	nsubj
8	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 attempt	aux
9	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	11 attempt	advmod
10	to	to	PART	_	11 attempt	mark
11	attempt	attempt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 recorded	parataxis
12	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	13 answer	det
13	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 attempt	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	record	present · passive		Mistakes				permanently property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	not attempt	ought	pupils	any answer					vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Eventuality

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Mistakes are the means by which everyone learns, and teachers wish pupils to try

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mistakes	mistake	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 means	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 means	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	8 learns	mark
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 learns	nsubj
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	8 learns	nsubj
8	learns	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 means	ccomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 wish	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 wish	cc
11	teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 wish	nsubj
12	wish	wish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 means	parataxis
13	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 wish	obj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 try	mark
15	try	try	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 wish	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Mistakes		mean property	tree rules
2	learn	present				vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	wish	present	teachers	pupils		tree rules
4	try not said to happen	to-infinitive	teachers not said here			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/92-disappointment-jealousy-and-embarrassment/e2/